二战期间美国关于战后日本天皇制政策的制定

发布时间：2018-05-15 18:37

  本文选题：美日关系 + 天皇制　； 参考：《史学集刊》2017年05期

【摘要】：自明治维新以来,日本建立了以天皇制为核心的政治体制。在近代日本的对外侵略扩张中,天皇制发挥了重要作用。在第二次世界大战尚未结束之时,美国便已确定对战后日本进行根本性的改造,而天皇制问题则以其重要性成为对日改造政策中的重要一环。美国政府内部对于战后天皇制问题的观点可分为两种:日本派从短期利益的角度,强调保留天皇对促成投降和占领改造的重要性,主张战后暂时保留天皇并利用天皇部分权力进行占领改造工作;而强硬派则从长期利益的角度,强调天皇的战争责任及其同军国主义之间的密切联系等危害性,主张战后不利用并废除天皇制。美国确立的战后天皇制政策最终将两派观点相结合,既采纳了日本派暂时保留和利用天皇制的意见,更体现了强硬派所主张的削弱天皇制影响的主张,并在战后改造中予以实施。
[Abstract]:Since the Meiji Restoration, Japan has established a political system centered on the imperial system. The imperial system played an important role in the foreign invasion and expansion of modern Japan. Before the end of the second World War, the United States had decided to carry out a fundamental reform of Japan after the war, and the question of the imperial system had become an important part of the reform policy towards Japan because of its importance. There are two points of view within the United States Government on the question of the post-war imperial system: the Japanese faction, from the perspective of short-term interests, stressed the importance of retaining the emperor in order to bring about the surrender and reform of occupation. They advocated the temporary retention of the emperor after the war and the use of part of the emperor's power for occupation and transformation; while the hardliners emphasized the dangers of the emperor's responsibility for the war and its close links with militarism from the perspective of long-term interests. Advocated not to use and abolish the imperial system after the war. The postwar imperial system policy established by the United States finally combined the views of the two schools of thought, which not only adopted the views of the Japanese faction to retain and utilize the imperial system temporarily, but also reflected the idea advocated by the hardliners to weaken the influence of the imperial system. And in the post-war transformation to be implemented.
【作者单位】： 吉林大学东北亚研究院;
【分类号】：K313.46;K712.53
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本文编号：1893454