塞琉古王国的统治与“希腊化”

发布时间：2018-05-22 11:01

本文选题：塞琉古王国 + 统治　；参考：《东北师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：自德国史家德罗伊森首先提出“希腊化”这个概念以来,诸多学者也开始涉足于“希腊化时代”的研究,随着史料的增多和研究的深入,其观点也越来越接近历史的真实。本文以古典文献为依据并在借鉴当今学者有关希腊化研究成果的基础上,选择塞琉古王国的统治作为切入点,力求从史实出发来谈论“希腊化”,因为在三大希腊化王国中塞琉古王国所表现出的“希腊化”最为明显,也更为直接。本文分为三部分: 第一部分,论述德国史家德罗伊森所提出的“希腊化”概念,笔者力求阐述德罗伊森对其界定的原始涵义,根据古典文献来追溯德语中“希腊化”(Hellenismus)这一词的来源,并进一步分析与其相对应的英文词Hellenism的涵义及中文语境下对这一概念的理解和翻译。第二部分,论述塞琉古王国在政治、经济、文化方面所实行的政策,以此来分析作为统治阶级的希腊-马其顿人所实行的这些政策是否有助于希腊文化在东方的传播及与当地文化的融合,并探求他们统治政策的目的和原因。具体而言,在政治上,主要从政府建构、建立希腊化城市和军队人员组成三方面来分析;在经济上,主要从其土地制度、商业贸易、税收三方面来分析;在文化上,主要从希腊语的推广、宗教和所实行的希腊式教育来分析。第三部分,主要论及塞琉古王国的统治与“希腊化”的关系,即对当地人和自身造成的影响。塞琉古王国在亚洲的统治的确促进了希腊文化在亚洲的传播,并且使希腊、埃及、巴比伦、印度等地区连为一体,并促进了他们之间的交流与融合,但塞琉古王国为了维护自己的统治也不得不吸收当地的文化因素,同时希腊-马其顿人在亚洲的统治过程也不可避免的是自身“东方化”的过程。塞琉古王国的统治者虽然想把希腊的制度移植到亚洲,但他们在统治阶层和文化教育等方面又激烈地排斥当地人,及其他们狭隘的城邦理念,注定他们虽然使希腊文化在亚洲得以传播,并造成了一定的影响,但并不能使希腊文化与当地文化真正的融合。
[Abstract]:Since the German historian Droyson first put forward the concept of "Hellenization", many scholars have also begun to step into the study of "Hellenization era". With the increase of historical data and the depth of research, their views are more and more close to the historical truth. On the basis of classical literature and on the basis of the study of Hellenization by scholars today, this paper chooses the rule of the Kingdom of Seleucus as the starting point, and tries to talk about "Hellenization" from the historical facts. Among the three Hellenistic kingdoms, the Hellenistic Kingdom is the most obvious and more direct. This paper is divided into three parts: The first part discusses the concept of "Hellenism" put forward by German historian DeRoyson. The author tries to explain the original meaning of de Royson's definition, and traces the origin of the word "Hellenismus" in German according to the classical literature. The meaning of the corresponding English word Hellenism and the understanding and translation of the concept in Chinese context are further analyzed. The second part discusses the political, economic and cultural policies of the Kingdom of Seluku. This paper analyzes whether the Greek Macedonians as the ruling class can help to spread the Greek culture in the East and integrate with the local culture, and to explore the purpose and reason of their ruling policy. Specifically, politically, mainly from the three aspects of government construction, the establishment of Hellenized cities and the composition of military personnel; economically, mainly from the three aspects of land system, commercial trade and taxation; and culturally, Mainly from the Greek promotion, religion and the practice of Greek education to analyze. The third part mainly deals with the relationship between Seluku's rule and Hellenism, that is, the influence on the local people and themselves. The dominion of the Kingdom of Seleucus in Asia did promote the spread of Greek culture in Asia, linking the regions of Greece, Egypt, Babylon, India, and so forth, and promoting communication and integration among them. But in order to maintain its rule, the Kingdom had to absorb local cultural factors, and the process of Greek-Macedonian domination in Asia was inevitably the process of its own "Orientalization". Although the rulers of the Kingdom of Seluku wanted to transplant the Greek system to Asia, they strongly rejected the local people in terms of ruling class, culture and education, and their narrow concept of city-state. They were destined to make the Greek culture spread in Asia and had a certain influence, but it could not make the integration of Greek culture and local culture.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K125

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