论19世纪下半叶俄罗斯帝国对远东地区的开发

发布时间：2018-05-23 16:28

本文选题：世纪中俄关系 + 俄罗斯远东开发　；参考：《社会科学》2017年04期

【摘要】：19世纪中叶,中俄两国先后签订了《瑷珲条约》(1858年)和《北京条约》(1860年),意味着大清帝国丧失了一百多万平方公里宝贵的领土,也标志着俄罗斯帝国远东疆域的基本形成。19世纪下半叶,沙皇政府为巩固“新边疆”的安全并积极参与东北亚地区国际竞争,掀起了以完善远东行政区划,鼓励移民,设立中俄边境自由贸易区和远东自由港以及修筑西伯利亚大铁路为主要措施的第一次远东开发热潮。俄罗斯的远东开发计划,一方面将较为先进的文化、技术带入了远东地区,改变了“新边区”地广人稀经济社会发展落后的状况;另一方面也为后来进一步的经济开发与殖民扩张做了准备,使得远东地区成为了俄国对东方邻国进行军事渗透与资本输出的平台。同时,远东地区也逐渐发展为俄国角逐东北亚霸权的重要基地,为干预东北亚相关国家事务并攫取战略利益奠定了基础。
[Abstract]:In the middle of the 19th century, China and Russia signed the Treaty of Aihui (1858) and the Treaty of Beijing (1860), which meant that the Qing Empire lost more than 1 million square kilometers of precious territory. It also marked the basic formation of the far East territory of the Russian Empire. In the second half of the 19th century, in order to consolidate the security of the "new frontier" and actively participate in the international competition in Northeast Asia, the tsar government set off an effort to perfect the administrative divisions of the far East and encourage immigrants. The establishment of Sino-Russian border free trade zone and far east free port and the construction of Siberian railway were the first boom of far east development. Russia's far East development plan, on the one hand, brought more advanced culture and technology into the far East region, and changed the "new border area", which is backward in the economic and social development of the vast and sparsely populated areas. On the other hand, it also prepared for further economic development and colonial expansion, making the far East a platform for Russia's military infiltration and capital export to its eastern neighbors. At the same time, the far East region has gradually developed into an important base for Russia to compete for the hegemony of Northeast Asia, which has laid the foundation for interfering in the affairs of the countries concerned in Northeast Asia and seizing the strategic interests.
【作者单位】：辽宁师范大学马克思主义学院;大连大学东北亚研究院;
【分类号】：D851.2;K512.4

【相似文献】