战后美国贫困问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-28 07:00

本文选题：战后 + 美国　；参考：《复旦大学》2004年博士论文

【摘要】：论文分为七个部分。第一部分。简要回顾了美国贫困问题的发展历程。从殖民地时期开始，美国就有贫困问题存在。从有贫困问题的那一天起，就有针对贫困问题的对策存在。第二部分。论述了美国贫困线的发展历程。正式贫困线的划定是在二十世纪六十年代，美国的贫困线是不断变化的，，美国的贫困率也是起伏不定的。贫困的定义、美国当今的贫困具有隐蔽性和相对性。第三部分。分析了美国贫困的分布情况，包括贫困人口的地区分布、种族分布。在今天的美国南方的穷人多于北方，黑人、拉美裔白人贫困的概率多于白人。第四部分。主要分析了几种大的贫困现象：农村的贫困问题；城市的贫困问题，它包括贫民窟问题、无家可归群体的生活问题；美国未成年人的贫困触目惊心；美国的贫富差距不断扩大，已经成为一个严重的社会问题。第五部分。美国的贫困问题引起了社会及政府的关注，政府采取多种措施来应对贫困问题，战后每一届政府都花大量的精力和财力来治理贫困，但是由于种种原因，贫困率依然居高不下。第六部分。如何来看待美国的贫困问题。美国的贫困问题是一个仁者见仁、智者见智的问题，因此在美国不可能取得一致的看法。在本论文中，作者指出，贫困是一个综合症，它是由多种因素促成的。第七部分。作者进一步指出，市场经济制度必然造成一部分人的贫困，此外资本主义文化矛盾也是贫困难以彻底根绝的重要原因。
[Abstract]:The paper is divided into seven parts. Part I This paper briefly reviews the development of poverty in the United States. Poverty has been a problem in the United States since the colonial period. Since the day of poverty, there has been a response to the problem of poverty. Part II This paper discusses the development of the poverty line in the United States. The formal poverty line was defined in the 1960 s, the poverty line in the United States was constantly changing, and the poverty rate in the United States fluctuated. The definition of poverty in the United States today has a concealment and relativity. Part three. This paper analyzes the distribution of poverty in the United States, including the regional distribution and ethnic distribution of the poor population. In today's southern United States, the poor are more likely to be poor than the north, and black and Hispanic whites are more likely to be poor than whites. Part IV It mainly analyzes several major poverty phenomena: rural poverty; urban poverty, which includes slum problems, homeless people's lives, American minors' poverty, and the widening gap between the rich and the poor in the United States. Has become a serious social problem. Part V The problem of poverty in the United States has attracted the attention of the society and the government. The government has taken various measures to deal with the problem of poverty. After the war, every government has spent a lot of energy and financial resources to control poverty, but for various reasons, the poverty rate is still high. Part VI How to look at poverty in the United States. Poverty in the United States is a matter of diversity and wisdom, so it is impossible to agree in the United States. In this paper, the author points out that poverty is a syndrome, it is caused by a number of factors. Part VII The author further points out that the market economy system will inevitably lead to the poverty of some people, in addition, the cultural contradiction of capitalism is also an important reason why poverty is difficult to eradicate completely.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：K712

【引证文献】