试论1937-1946年间的穆斯林联盟

发布时间：2018-06-01 20:37

本文选题：穆斯林联盟 + 国大党　；参考：《华中师范大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 穆斯林联盟(以下简称“穆盟”)是印度民族主义运动中的一支重要力量。从1937到1946年，它的教派主义倾向日趋严重，并最终确立了分离主义路线；同一时期，穆盟的成员数量及其影响力也有了巨大的增长。这为其坚持成立单独的穆斯林国家提供了重要筹码。本文即尝试对穆盟在这一时段的变革及相关原因进行探讨。论文的第一部分是对穆盟在1937-1946年间的变革特点所做的梳理，着重指出其分离主义路线的确立、成员人数的急剧增加，穆盟的影响力得到明显的提升。第二部分则是从国大党与穆盟的关系这一角度入手，探讨国大党在穆盟变革进程中所起的作用。内容包括国大党在同一时期的教派主义特征和单一民族政策，以及国大党在1937年组织省政府后工作上的失误，，等等。论述表明，作为穆盟在政治上的主要竞争对手，国大党是后者发生变革的强有力因素。第三部分是从印度穆斯林社会与穆盟的关系这一角度入手，考察了穆盟变革的社会基础。文章一方面对穆斯林族群长时期内未能充分印度化的问题进行了解答，又对穆斯林社会以教派主义为工具来维护自身利益的现象进行了分析。由此，本部分探讨了导致穆盟变革的社会及文化因素。在第四部分中，文章考察了英印政府当局在穆盟变革进程中所扮演的角色。《1935年印度政府法》鲜明地体现了政府当局的“分而治之”政策，它为穆盟在省自治期间向分离主义靠拢提供了适宜的社会环境。二战期间，政府当局对穆盟选择分离主义路线所持的隔岸观火态度，实际上纵容了穆盟的分离主义倾向。总之，英印政府当局对穆盟的变革起到了不容低估的作用。第五部分是笔者对以上内容所做的一个总结。文章认为，穆盟的变革是在特定环境下印度各因素共同作用的结果。其中，印度民众的教派矛盾在民族主义潮流的裹挟中进一步走向了激化，严重地裂化了印度原本并不十分坚固的单一民族意识。现代政党政治中的选举等程序在印度独特的社会环境下为教派主义分子所利用，进一步激化了教派冲突。殖民者为稳固自己的“裁判”地位，对这一时期发生的教派冲突没有采取有力的应对措施。相反，它还想方设法对此加以利用。穆盟的变革是印度在由传统社会向现代社会、由殖民地向现代民族独立国家的转型过程中发生的，因此，它在许多方面都具有普遍的意义。
[Abstract]:The Muslim Alliance (hereinafter referred to as "Mou") is an important force in the India nationalist movement. From 1937 to 1946, its secessionist tendencies became increasingly serious and eventually established the separatist route; at the same time, the number of members of the moau and its influence had also increased greatly. Lin Guojia provided an important bargaining chip. This article attempts to explore the change and related reasons of Mu League in this period.
The first part of the paper is the combing of the characteristics of the change of the moau during the 1937-1946 years, focusing on the establishment of the separatist line, the sharp increase in the number of members and the obvious promotion of the influence of the Momu. The second part, starting with the relationship between the National Congress Party and the Momu, discusses the National Congress in the process of the change of the Momu. The contents include the sectarian characteristics of the National Congress of the National Congress and the single national policy in the same period, as well as the mistakes made by the National Congress of the National Congress in organizing the provincial government in 1937, and so on. It shows that as a major political competitor of the Mou League, the National Congress is a powerful factor for the latter to change. The third part is from India mu. Starting with the angle of the relationship between the slin society and the moau, this paper examines the social basis of the change of the Momu. On the one hand, the article answers the question of the failure of the Muslims to make full India for a long time, and analyses the image of the Muslim society with sectarian as a tool to safeguard its own interests. In the fourth part of the fourth part, the article examines the role played by the British and Indian government authorities in the process of the reform of the Momu in the India government law, which clearly embodies the "divide and rule" policy of the government authorities, which provides a suitable social environment for the Mu League to close the separatist doctrine in the period of provincial autonomy. Two During the war, the government's attitude to the moau's choice of separatist lines from the moau was actually indulged in the separatist tendency of the Momu. In a word, the British and Indian government authorities had played an important role in the change of the Momu.
The fifth part is a summary of the above content. The article holds that the change of the Momu is the result of the joint effect of India's factors under a specific environment. Among them, the sectarian contradiction of the people of India is further intensified by the coercing of the trend of nationalism, which seriously breaks the single nation which is not very strong in India. Consciousness. The electoral procedure in modern political party politics is used by sectarian elements in the unique social environment of India, which further intensifies the sectarian conflict. In order to stabilize its own "referee" position, the colonists have not taken forceful measures for the sectarian conflict that occurred during this period. On the contrary, it is also trying to make good use of it. The change of the moau is the transformation of India from the traditional society to the modern society, from the colonies to the modern national independent state. Therefore, it is of universal significance in many ways.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K15

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