德国历史学家之争:对历史修正主义的批判与辩护

发布时间：2018-06-02 19:45

本文选题：历史学家之争 + 哈贝马斯　；参考：《北京师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2014年04期

【摘要】：20世纪80年代中期爆发的德国历史学家之争,是二战后联邦德国最重要的知识分子论争之一。论争双方就纳粹德国历史、德军在二战东线战场的作用、德国历史研究的学术多元化、历史学的公共性等问题展开了激烈的思想交锋。论争双方分歧巨大、共识缺席。为了重建德国历史意识和民族认同,诺尔特等历史学家从研究方法、历史叙事的逻辑性以及学术伦理等方面出发,对纳粹历史进行了修正式研究,并将纳粹罪行进行了相对化的处理。与此针锋相对,哈贝马斯及其盟友针对德国历史研究的新保守主义倾向,进行了深刻的批判。他们认为,政治共同体的民族认同和政治认同的重建,不能以对纳粹罪行的修正式研究作为代价,对纳粹历史的反思与批判,必须成为当代德国历史—政治思想结构性重组的关键环节。在即将迎来反法西斯战争以及抗日战争胜利69周年之际,回顾和梳理德国历史学家之争,对于反思二战历史、批判法西斯在远东-太平洋战场的罪行具有重要的借鉴和参考价值。
[Abstract]:The dispute among German historians in the mid-1980 s was one of the most important intellectual debates in the Federal Republic of Germany after World War II. There was a fierce ideological confrontation between the two sides on the history of Nazi Germany, the role of German troops in the battlefield of the Eastern Front of World War II, the academic diversity of German history studies and the publicity of history. The two sides of the dispute have great differences and the consensus is absent. In order to reconstruct the historical consciousness and national identity of Germany, Nolte and other historians made a formal study of Nazi history from the aspects of research methods, logic of historical narration and academic ethics. And the Nazi crimes were dealt with in a relative way. In contrast, Habermas and his allies deeply criticized the trend of neo-conservatism in the study of German history. They believed that the reconstruction of the national identity and political identity of the political community could not be at the expense of the formal study of the Nazi crimes, reflecting on and criticizing the Nazi history. It must be a key link in the structural reorganization of contemporary German history-political ideology. On the occasion of the 69th anniversary of the victory of the Anti-Fascist War and the War of Resistance against Japan, reviewing and combing the dispute between German historians and reflecting on the history of World War II, Criticizing the crimes of fascism in the far East-Pacific battlefield has important reference value.
【作者单位】：四川大学文学与新闻学院;
【分类号】：K516

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