约翰献土:中古英国王权与罗马教廷关系管窥

发布时间：2018-06-04 10:17

本文选题：罗马教廷 + 英国王权　；参考：《暨南学报(哲学社会科学版)》2017年08期

【摘要】：1213年,约翰王向教皇臣服,使英格兰王国成为领自教廷的封土,开启了英国王权与教会关系的新格局。封君封臣关系是理解此时双方互动的不应忽视的基础。约翰王与教皇英诺森三世从中各得所需。亨利三世时代是这一新型关系影响最为深入的时期。教皇在亨利三世幼年时期行使了封建监护权,并为亨利亲政后双方的良好关系定下基调。亨利三世认可并履行对教廷的封臣义务,并借此扩展王权,但同时教廷征收高额贡金及其权威过分介入英国引起英国教会及贵族的抵制。从爱德华一世时代起,臣服关系逐渐被淡化,但并未否认。1366年,英国议会单方面终止了这种臣服关系,是当时国际形势变化以及教廷和英国王权实力消长的结果。
[Abstract]:In 1213, King John succumbed to the Pope, making the Kingdom of England a sanctuary from the Holy see, opening a new pattern of relations between Wang Quan and the Church. The relationship between monarch and minister is the basis of understanding the interaction between the two sides. King John and Pope Innocenti had their own needs. Henry III was the most influential period of this new relationship. The Pope exercised feudal custody during Henry III's infancy and set the tone for good relations after Henry's administration. Henry III accepted and fulfilled his duty of vassal to the Holy see and thus extended Wang Quan, but at the same time the Holy see imposed a high price of tribute and its authority in the United Kingdom, which caused resistance from the British Church and aristocrats. From the time of Edward I, the servitude relation was gradually desalinated, but it was not denied. In 1366, the British Parliament unilaterally terminated the servile relationship, which was the result of the change of the international situation and the increase and decline of the power of the Holy see and the British Wang Quan at that time.
【作者单位】：中山大学历史系;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金青年项目《中古英国贵族特权领地研究》(批准号:11CSS003)
【分类号】：K561.32

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