论英军撤退与新加坡的自立

发布时间：2018-06-05 04:54

本文选题：英军 + 殖民撤退　；参考：《苏州科技学院》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 第二次世界大战对英帝国的打击是非常巨大的。二战后，英国因实力所限不得不进行战略收缩或调整，从新加坡撤军便是其中的重要步骤之一。撤军意味着殖民撤退，意味着英国在新加坡长达一个半世纪殖民统治的结束。英国的殖民撤退既给新加坡走民族自立道路提供了机遇，，但同时又带来了全新的挑战。这一时期正是东西方冷战在印支半岛和东南亚一带激烈交锋之际，所以，英国殖民撤退后的新加坡可谓内外交困。面对严峻的现实，以李光耀为首的新加坡新一代领导人从多方入手，探索民族自立道路。防务安全是最先遇到的现实问题，为此，政府实施了包括国民服役制度、组建海空军以及加强对外军事合作在内的三个重要步骤。殖民撤退对新加坡的经济影响最大，为尽快在经济上自立，政府采取了开放、灵活、务实的态度，如对英国撤军遗留物进行改造利用、对殖民时期的工会进行改革，并积极引进外资等。作为一个前英属殖民地，新加坡在自身政治发展过程中也进行了有益的探索。在承袭三权分立和法制观念等英国殖民遗产的同时，又把东方社会的国家观念、集体主义和权威思想糅合其中，逐步形成了独具新加坡特色的政治体制。在社会建设方面，政府一反殖民政府的做法，实行种族平等、宗教平等以及语言共存等有利于社会和谐的政策，在此基础上，以中央公积金制度为核心，来推动公民社会福利建设。综观新加坡现代化初期的自立道路，可以说，有效继承英国殖民遗产、大胆创新以及在国家困难时期国民的奉献精神是其中的三大法宝。
[Abstract]:The second World War was a great blow to the British Empire. After World War II, Britain had to make strategic retrenchment or adjustment because of its limited power, and withdrawal from Singapore was one of the important steps. Withdrawal means colonial withdrawal and the end of British colonial rule in Singapore for a century and a half. The British colonial retreat provided Singapore with both an opportunity and a new challenge on the path of national independence. This period coincided with the fierce confrontation between the East and West Cold War between Indochina Peninsula and Southeast Asia, so Singapore after British colonial retreat was difficult at home and abroad. Facing the severe reality, the new generation of leaders of Singapore, led by Li Guangyao, explored the road of national independence from various aspects. Defense and security are the first realistic problems. Therefore, the government has implemented three important steps, including the national service system, the establishment of navy and air force, and the strengthening of military cooperation with foreign countries. The colonial withdrawal had the greatest impact on Singapore's economy. In order to become economically self-reliant as soon as possible, the Government adopted an open, flexible and pragmatic attitude, such as the remolding and utilization of the remnants of the British withdrawal, and the reform of trade unions during the colonial period. And actively introduce foreign investment and so on. As a former British colony, Singapore has also made useful explorations in its own political development. While inheriting the British colonial heritage, such as the separation of powers and the concept of legal system, the oriental society's national concept, collectivism and authoritative thought were mixed together, and a unique political system with Singapore characteristics was gradually formed. In terms of social construction, the government has adopted policies conducive to social harmony, such as racial equality, religious equality and language coexistence. On this basis, the central provident fund system is at the core. To promote the construction of civil society welfare. In view of the self-supporting road of Singapore in the early modernization period, it can be said that the effective inheritance of the British colonial heritage, bold innovation and the dedication of the people in the difficult period of the country are three of the great magic weapons.
【学位授予单位】：苏州科技学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K339.6

【引证文献】