斯大林与赫鲁晓夫时期苏联的宗教政策与政教关系

发布时间：2018-06-05 05:55

本文选题：斯大林 + 赫鲁晓夫　；参考：《吉林大学》2006年博士论文

【摘要】： 本论文是研究苏联时期东正教研究范畴的一个选题。是这个时期具有代表性的两个阶段。这两个阶段是苏联社会主义理论和社会主义模式运行的缩影。本文共分三章:第一章,阐述的是东正教进入俄罗斯后到斯大林时代之前的九百多年政教关系简况。其中包括十月革命前东正教与俄罗斯国家的关系及十月革命后初期的政教关系简况。第二章,重点论述斯大林时期的宗教政策与政教关系。斯大林有革命时代的经验,但缺乏社会主义建设的经验,本人也缺少文化素质。他在宗教理论和宗教政策上基本执行的是一条镇压路线。卫国战争和战后,斯大林出于利用宗教和教会的目的,实现了国家与教会关系的正常化。第三章,论述的是赫鲁晓夫时期的宗教政策与政教关系。赫鲁晓夫在上台5年后,发动了新一轮的反宗教战役,不仅对苏联各宗教是巨大打击,也极大地败坏了苏联国家的声誉。其教训极为深刻。总之,苏联这个国家(以及其前身俄国),其历史的传统就是只崇尚政治、崇尚武力、崇尚强权、崇尚国家机器而轻视文化,轻视文化在发展中的作用。他们的思维方式,看问题的出发点都是从政治出发,并用政治和强权方式解决问题。其结果,不仅是对宗教、对文化有一系列的错误做法,他们的立国之本、他们的基本国策,很少能从“以人为本”作为总的出发点。当然也不会以“立党为公、执政为民”作为执政的最高目标。巩固政权和发展军事也是他们的最高目标。这也就酿成了最终被人民抛弃,落得“亡党亡国”的下场。
[Abstract]:This thesis is an elective subject in the study of the Eastern Orthodox Church in the Soviet period . It is a representative two stages in this period . The two stages are the miniature of the socialist theory of the Soviet Union and the operation of socialist mode .

This paper is divided into three chapters : Chapter One , the brief description of the relationship between the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Russian State and the political relations in the early October Revolution .

Chapter 2 focuses on the relationship between religious policy and political education during Stalin ' s period , but lacks the experience of socialist construction , but lacks the cultural quality . He has basically carried out a crackdown on religious theory and religious policy . He has achieved normalization of relations between the State and the church for the purpose of using religion and church .

In the third chapter , the religious policy and the political and religious relations during the period are discussed . During the last five years , he launched a new anti - religious campaign , not only the great blow to the religions of the Soviet Union , but also the reputation of the Soviet state . The lesson is very profound .

In short , the former Soviet Union ( and its predecessor , Russia ) , its historical tradition is only advocating politics , advocating the force , advocating the power , advocating the state machine , light the culture , and light the culture in the development . The result is not only to the religion , but also to the culture has a series of error practices , their foundation , their basic national policy , rarely can from the " people - oriented " as the supreme goal . Of course , it is also the supreme goal of their power and development military .
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：K512.5

【引证文献】