美国与朝鲜战争中的联合国军研究

发布时间：2018-06-05 18:41

本文选题：联合国军 + 朝鲜战争　；参考：《山东师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：对于朝鲜战争的研究,中国史学界多集中在中国政府对战争的政策以及取得的成果,还有从军事方面进行分析总结的;世界史学界多数是研究朝鲜战争中各国的政策以及国家间的相互关系,美国史学界对美国对朝鲜战争的政策关注的多一些。很少发现有专门性的对美国与朝鲜战争中的联合国军的介绍。本文希望能够尽可能广泛的搜集资料,填补这一薄弱点。本文分五个章节来讨论朝鲜战争中的联合国军。第一章简单论述了朝鲜战争爆发前的国际局势和东北亚局势,二战后“冷战”形成,朝鲜半岛成为美苏双方对峙的产物,朝鲜半岛的命运被“冷战”这一国际大背景所左右。处于中日两国之间的朝鲜半岛,开始受到各方的重视,朝鲜半岛的的命运,也随之变得扑朔迷离,美苏两国进入朝鲜半岛,这直接导致了朝鲜半岛局势的紧张以及朝鲜战争的最后爆发。朝鲜半岛上军事分界“三八线”的划定,为朝鲜战争的爆发埋下祸根,成为影响朝鲜半岛局势的决定性因素,其深远影响直至今日。第二章论述了美国对朝鲜战争的反应。资本主义与共产主义意识形态与社会制度的对立,美国谋求世界霸权的现实需要以及美国国内政治环境的影响等诸多因素,使得韩国成为美国在东亚地区建设的一个“民主样板”,美国也认识到需要将对韩国的支持进行下去。因此,当朝鲜半岛上的枪声响起后,美国迅速做出了出兵朝鲜、援助南韩的决定。第三章重点论述了联合国军的出炉。所谓的“联合国军”是美国操纵联合国安理会授权其组织的一支侵略部队,因打着“联合国”的旗子,故称为“联合国军”,实际上该联合国军主要是美国军队。这支“联合国军”由美国、英国、澳大利亚、荷兰、新西兰、加拿大、法国、菲律宾、土耳其、泰国、南非、希腊、比利时、卢森堡、哥伦比亚、埃塞俄比亚共16个国家的作战部队及瑞典、印度、丹麦、挪威、意大利5个国家的医疗队组成。英国政府对朝鲜战争的基本政策是努力运用其对美国的影响,防止冲突的扩大和升级,谋求并推动朝鲜问题的政治解决。苏联没有及时返回安理会使得美国可以随意利用联合国这一工具为其决策服务,而苏联的举措则在客观上使美国可以得心应手实施其出兵朝鲜的计划。正是由于以上诸原因,美国很快卷入了朝鲜战争。中国则派出志愿军抗美援朝,并起到核心作用。第四章详细论述了朝鲜战场上的联合国军。在美国的控制下采用了一系列的战略战术,却改变不了惨败的结局。历时三年多的朝鲜战争,使“联合国军”付出了惨重的代价。“联合国军”共死亡57606人,伤病115183人,失踪及被俘6973人,总计179762人。第五章简单介绍了停战后的联合国军。围绕联合国军的战俘,美国与朝鲜进行了长达两年的谈判。最终也可以说明美国在谈判桌上得不到的东西,必然要在战场上来得到。若没有相当的军事实力来与之较量并取得战场上的胜利,要想在谈判桌上讨价还价是不可能的,军事斗争永远服从于政治斗争。
[Abstract]:For the study of the Korean War , Chinese historians have focused on the Chinese government ' s policy on the war and the results achieved , as well as from the military aspects . Most of the world ' s historians are studying the policies of the countries in the Korean War and the relations between the countries . The American historians have paid little attention to the U.S . policy on the Korean War . We hope to be able to gather information as widely as possible to fill this weak point .

This article is divided into five chapters to discuss the United Nations forces in the Korean War . The first chapter briefly discusses the international situation and the situation in Northeast Asia before the outbreak of the Korean War , the formation of the Cold War after World War II , the fate of the Korean Peninsula and the last outbreak of the Korean War .

The second chapter discusses the United States ' response to the Korean War . The opposite of capitalism and communism ideology and social system , the American quest for the realistic need of the world hegemony and the influence of the domestic political environment of the United States have made South Korea a " democratic template " for the construction of the United States in the East Asia region , and the United States has realized the need for the support of the South Korea . Therefore , after the gun sound on the Korean Peninsula sounded , the United States quickly made a decision to recruit North Korea and assist South Korea .

Chapter III focuses on the United Nations military presence . The so - called " United Nations forces " is an act of aggression by the United States to manipulate the United Nations Security Council to authorize its organization . It is called the " United Nations " because of the flag of the United Nations . The " United Nations army " consists of the United States , the United Kingdom , Australia , the Netherlands , New Zealand , Canada , France , the Philippines , Turkey , Thailand , South Africa , Greece , Belgium , Luxembourg , Colombia , 16 countries in Ethiopia , Norway and Italy .

The British government ' s basic policy on the Korean War is to use its influence on the United States , to prevent the expansion and escalation of conflicts , to seek and promote the political settlement of North Korea ' s problems . The Soviet Union has not returned to the Security Council in a timely manner so that the United States can take advantage of the United Nations as its decision - making service . It is precisely because of the above reasons that the United States was quickly involved in the Korean War . China sent volunteers to resist U.S . aid and play a central role .

Chapter IV details the United Nations forces on the North Korean battlefield . Under the control of the United States , a series of strategic tactics has been adopted , but it can ' t change the outcome of the tragedy . The United Nations has killed 5,606 people , 1,183 wounded , and 6973 captured prisoners , a total of 179762 .

Chapter V briefly introduces the United Nations forces after the truce . The United States and North Korea have been negotiating for two years around the prisoners of war of the United Nations . It will also be possible to state that the United States is not available on the negotiating table and is bound to be available on the battlefield . If there is no military power to compete with it and win victory in the battlefield , it is impossible to bargain at the negotiating table . The military struggle will always be subordinate to the political struggle .
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K153

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