通往天堂之路——中世纪英国死亡仪式探微

发布时间：2018-06-06 18:05

本文选题：中世纪 + 英国　；参考：《杭州师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2017年02期

【摘要】：死亡仪式因其承担的文化功能而成为人类学家理解人类社会的视角之一。西方的死亡仪式在中世纪早期完成基督教化之后,主要围绕如何救赎灵魂展开。按照阿诺德·范热内普的"过渡仪式"理论,中世纪英国的死亡仪式包括分离、阈限和聚合三个阶段,即准备死亡(与上帝和解)、丧礼(祈祷和埋葬)和追思(七日追思、月追思和周年追思)。中世纪英国的死亡仪式反映出当时的大众心态、社会等级结构,并具有使生者缓解焦虑情绪、团结共同体的功能。因此,作为社会的一面镜子,中世纪英国死亡仪式具有很高的研究价值。
[Abstract]:The ritual of death has become one of the perspectives for anthropologists to understand human society because of its cultural function. Western rites of death, after Christianity in the early Middle Ages, revolved around how to redeem the soul. According to Arnold Van Genep's theory of "transition rituals", the ritual of death in medieval England consisted of three stages: separation, threshold and aggregation, namely preparation for death (reconciliation with God), funeral (prayer and burial), and remembrance (seven days). Think of the month and the anniversary. The ritual of death in medieval England reflected the mass mentality, social hierarchy, and had the function of relieving the anxiety of the living and uniting the community. Therefore, as a mirror of society, death rites in medieval England have high research value.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院世界历史研究所;
【基金】：中国社会科学院创新工程项目“多元视角下的古代制度研究”的研究成果
【分类号】：K895.61;K561.3

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