冷战初期澳大利亚对印度尼西亚的政策（1947-1949）

发布时间：2018-06-07 02:53

本文选题：澳大利亚 + 印度尼西亚共和国　；参考：《东北师范大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 第二次世界大战后,亚洲被压迫民族掀起民族独立的浪潮。苏加诺等民族主义者在印度尼西亚建立印度尼西亚共和国,争取民族自决。但荷兰妄图在印尼重建殖民统治,发动了两次殖民战争。面对距离自己最近、且人口众多的北方邻国,澳大利亚出于安全和经济利益的考虑,积极支持印尼共和国,先后将印尼问题提交安理会和联合国大会,并出台了对印(尼)“渐进独立”政策和“克里奇利议案”,出席谴责荷兰侵略的亚洲会议,力图获得日后新生的印度尼西亚民族国家的好感。但是另一方面,澳大利亚出于地缘政治的考虑,对印尼有着极深的防备心理,坚决反对印尼收回荷属新几内亚,支持荷兰保留对该地的控制。本文以唯物史观为指导,以澳大利亚外交部原始文献为基础,以美国的解密档案和其它一手文件为辅助,对冷战初期澳大利亚对印度尼西亚政策进行比较详细的分析,力图全面再现冷战初期澳大利亚对印度尼西亚政策发展变化的过程及实施情况,并简要分析其主要特点和影响因素。本文包括四部分: 一、介绍冷战初期澳大利亚对印度尼西亚政策制定的背景。分析战后澳大利亚外交的发展和走向,以及战后印度尼西亚的形势及其对澳大利亚利益的影响。二、分析第一次荷印(尼)战争期间澳大利亚对印度尼西亚的政策。论述澳大利亚在战争爆发后,从战争前在荷兰与印尼共和国之间的“平衡”政策发展为对印尼共和国的有限支持。重点阐述澳大利亚积极介入到印尼问题的解决当中,制定对印(尼)“渐进独立”政策及其失败原因。三、分析第二次荷印(尼)战争期间澳大利亚对印度尼西亚的政策。论述澳大利亚在第二次荷印(尼)战争爆发后加大了对印尼共和国的支持,出席亚洲会议,将印尼问题提交联合国大会;同时澳大利亚为保证本国最大限度的安全,又坚决反对将荷属新几内亚划归印尼联邦。四、分析冷战初期澳大利亚对印度尼西亚政策的特点和影响因素。总而言之,冷战初期澳大利亚对印度尼西亚的政策,深受地缘政治、冷战国际形势以及美澳关系的影响。维护澳大利亚的国家安全,保证澳大利亚的最大利益,是澳大利亚外交政策的根本出发点及终极目标。
[Abstract]:After the second World War, Asia's oppressed nations set off a wave of national independence. Sukarno and other nationalists established the Republic of Indonesia in Indonesia for self-determination. But the Netherlands tried to re-establish colonial rule in Indonesia, launching two colonial wars. In the face of its nearest and populous northern neighbour, Australia has actively supported the Republic of Indonesia for reasons of security and economic interests, and has successively referred the Indonesian issue to the Security Council and the United Nations General Assembly. He introduced the policy of "gradual independence" and the "Kritchley Bill" to attend the Asian Conference condemning the Dutch aggression, in an effort to win the favor of the later nascent Indonesian nation state. But on the other hand, because of geopolitical considerations, Australia is deeply defensive of Indonesia, firmly opposed to Indonesia's withdrawal of the Netherlands New Guinea, and supported the Netherlands to retain control over the area. Guided by historical materialism, based on the original documents of the Australian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and assisted by the declassified archives and other primary documents of the United States, this paper makes a more detailed analysis of Australia's policy towards Indonesia in the early years of the Cold War. This paper tries to reproduce the development and implementation of Australia's policy towards Indonesia at the beginning of the Cold War, and briefly analyzes its main characteristics and influencing factors. This paper includes four parts: First, it introduces the background of Australia's policy towards Indonesia in the early Cold War. This paper analyzes the development and trend of postwar Australian diplomacy, the situation of postwar Indonesia and its influence on Australian interests. Second, the analysis of Australia's policy towards Indonesia during the first Dutch-Indian War. After the outbreak of the war, Australia's "balance" policy between the Netherlands and the Republic of Indonesia before the war developed into a limited support for the Republic of Indonesia. The emphasis is on Australia's active involvement in the settlement of the Indonesian problem, the formulation of the "gradual independence" policy towards India (Nepal) and the reasons for its failure. Third, the analysis of Australia's policy towards Indonesia during the second Dutch-Indian War. Discussing that Australia increased its support for the Republic of Indonesia after the outbreak of the second Dutch Indian (Nepalese) War, attended the Asian Conference and referred the Indonesian issue to the United Nations General Assembly; at the same time, in order to ensure the maximum security of the country, He also firmly opposed the transfer of the Netherlands New Guinea to the Union of Indonesia. Fourth, analyze the characteristics and influencing factors of Australia's policy towards Indonesia in the early Cold War. In short, Australia's policy toward Indonesia during the early Cold War was deeply influenced by geopolitics, the Cold War international situation and the relationship between the United States and Australia. Safeguarding Australia's national security and ensuring Australia's best interests are the fundamental starting point and ultimate goal of Australian foreign policy.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K611

【引证文献】