英属北美马萨诸塞殖民地教派关系初探

发布时间：2018-06-15 02:19

本文选题：早期殖民地时代 + 清教徒　；参考：《东北师范大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 英属北美马萨诸塞殖民地最初是由一群无法忍受英国本土宗教迫害的清教徒创建的。这些清教徒在信仰上坚定而纯洁,生活上勤劳而简朴,他们为了信仰的自由,凭借上帝选民的信心克服重重困难,远渡大洋,来到一块完全陌生的土地上试图通过自己的努力去建立理想的“山巅之城”,实践上帝的真理。然而,当他们着手实践自己理想的时候,他们却采取了同样的宗教专制政策,以清教公理会为主的官方教会对浸礼会、贵格会等教派进行了长期的宗教迫害。这种情况在以马萨诸塞殖民地为首的新英格兰地区尤为明显,而这其中尤以马萨诸塞殖民地最具代表性。众所周之,美国是一个宗教气氛很浓的国家,绝大多数国民有宗教信仰,宗教派别更是数不胜数,但如此之多的宗教派别却能在同一块土地上长久的和睦相处。那么,是什么原因使早期殖民地各教派间相互排斥的关系最终走向彼此宽容的呢?这种宽容的精神又对美国政府宗教自由原则的确立以及国民日常生活、国家政治活动都产生了哪些巨大而深远的影响?本文将以美国国家特质和民族个性形成的早期殖民地时代为历史背景,着重以“新英格兰精神”的发源地——马萨诸塞殖民地为例,以马克思主义唯物史观为指导,借鉴历史学、宗教学的理论和研究方法,对马萨诸塞殖民地教派关系从排斥到宽容的发展变化情况做全面的、客观的分析和阐述。
[Abstract]:The British North American Massachusetts colony was originally founded by a group of Puritans who could not bear the persecution of their native religion. These Puritans were firm and pure in faith, industrious and simple in life, who, for the sake of freedom of belief, overcome many difficulties by virtue of the faith of God's electors, and crossed the ocean. Come to a completely strange land and try to build the ideal "city on the mountain" through one's own efforts, and practice the truth of God. However, when they set out to practice their ideals, they adopted the same policy of religious autocracy, and the official churches, mainly Puritans, persecuted Baptist, Quaker and other sects for a long period of time. This is particularly true in New England, led by the Massachusetts colonies, the most representative of which. As everyone knows, the United States is a country with a strong religious atmosphere. The vast majority of its people have religious beliefs, and there are countless religious denominations, but so many religious factions can live together in the same land for a long time. So what was the reason for the mutually exclusive relations among the early colonial sects to eventually move towards tolerance? What is the great and profound influence of this spirit of tolerance on the establishment of the principle of religious freedom of the American government and on the daily life of the nation? Based on the historical background of the early colonial era of the formation of American national characteristics and national individuality, this paper focuses on the case of the Massachusetts colony, the birthplace of the New England Spirit, and takes Marxist historical materialism as the guide. Referring to the theory and research methods of history and religion, this paper makes a comprehensive and objective analysis and elaboration on the development and changes of the relationship between Massachusetts colonial sect from exclusion to tolerance.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K712

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