威尔逊政府时期美国对华“金元外交”研究

发布时间：2018-06-17 03:05

本文选题：金元外交 + 威尔逊　；参考：《福建师范大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： “金元外交”是美国外交政策的传统之一，在20世纪前期，“金元外交”也被用来为美国在中国扩张势力服务。塔夫脱政府时，“金元外交”得到大规模应用，主要的行动有挤入湖广铁路借款、参加四国银行团、提出“诺克斯计划”和策划“币制实业借款”，这些行动多以失败告终。不久，日俄两国加入银行团，银行团由四国扩大为六国，美国在六国银行团中遭到排挤，“金元外交”于是陷入困境。威尔逊上台以后，着手对“金元外交”进行改革，宣布退出六国银行团，放弃塔夫脱的与其他列强合作的政策，，号召美国商人绕过银行团，在中国进行独立投资。但由于威尔逊政府没有给予商业项目以足够的政治支持，三年的独立投资实践并不成功，威尔逊不得不放弃“单干”的做法，重新认同了国际银行团这种合作方式，并组建了一个新银行团。新银行团在经济方面无所作为，没有为美国争取到一笔贷款；但在政治方面，美国以新银行团的名义与日本谈判，迫使日本势力退出东部内蒙古，这是一个成果。威尔逊政府时期的美国对华“金元外交”，特色之一是持续了三年的独立投资实践，另外，威尔逊在独立投资实践失败以后，立即改变政策，回归银行团，说明了灵活善变也是威尔逊“金元外交”政策的一个特点。
[Abstract]:"Jin Yuan diplomacy" is one of the traditions of American foreign policy. In the early 20th century, "Jin Yuan diplomacy" was also used to serve the expanding power of the United States in China. During the Taft administration, "Jin Yuan diplomacy" was applied on a large scale. The main actions were to squeeze loans into Huguang Railway, join the four-country bank group, put forward the "Knox plan" and plan "currency industrial borrowing", which ended in failure. Soon, Japan and Russia joined the banking group, the banking group expanded from four countries to six countries, the United States was excluded from the six countries' banking groups, and the "gold and yuan diplomacy" fell into a dilemma. After Wilson came to power, he began to reform the "Jin Yuan diplomacy", announced his withdrawal from the six-nation bank group, abandoned Taft's policy of cooperating with other powers, and called on American businessmen to bypass the banking syndicate and make independent investments in China. However, since the Wilson administration did not give sufficient political support to commercial projects, three years of independent investment practice did not succeed. Wilson had to give up the practice of "doing it alone" and reapproved the cooperation of international banking groups. A new banking group was formed. The new banking group did nothing on the economic front and failed to secure a loan for the United States, but politically, the United States negotiated with Japan in the name of the new banking group to force Japanese forces out of eastern Inner Mongolia, a result. One of the characteristics of the United States'"gold-yuan diplomacy" to China during the Wilson administration was that it lasted three years of independent investment practice. In addition, after the failure of the independent investment practice, Wilson immediately changed his policy and returned to the banking syndicate. It shows that flexibility is also a characteristic of Wilson's "golden yuan foreign policy".
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K712

【引证文献】