叶卡捷琳娜二世时期伏尔加地区德意志移民研究

发布时间：2018-06-17 04:05

本文选题：叶卡捷琳娜二世 + 俄国　；参考：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：叶卡捷琳娜二世时期的俄国持续向外扩张,日益需要更多有能力的工人、农民在新扩张的土地定居,许多德意志人渴望安定的生活移民到俄国。叶卡捷琳娜二世时期将这些移民安置在伏尔加地区,本文的研究对象是叶卡捷琳娜二世时期的伏尔加德意志移民,研究时段为叶卡捷琳娜二世在位期间,即1762-1796年。研究的内容包括德意志人移民的原因、移民的行程以及初期的安置状况。本文分为三个部分。第一部分为前言,笔者将交代选题意义、相关概念、国内外研究综述、研究思路和创新点。第二部分是论文的主体部分,共包含四章,每一章对伏尔加地区德意志移民的一方面进行论述。第一章是德意志人移民俄国的原因。首先,笔者介绍了叶卡捷琳娜二世即位前的俄国境内德意志移民状况,再分析1763年叶卡捷琳娜二世颁布的邀请外国人移居俄国诏命的具体内容,列举其对外国人提出的优惠条件。之后介绍同一时期德意志地区的状况,分析德意志人向外移民的内部原因。第二章是德意志移民前往伏尔加地区的准备与旅程。介绍俄国的招募官员是如何在德意志境内宣传的,德意志移民的迁移路线以及在旅途中所遇的困难。第三章是伏尔加德意志移民初期的安置状况。对移民地的建立、初期管理机构、主要官员设置做了详细的介绍,并描述了他们在移民初期遭遇的来自生活条件方面的困难以及所受的盗贼和暴乱的侵扰。第四章是伏尔加德意志移民定居初期的农业生产状况。来到伏尔加地区的德意志移民一开始并不熟悉俄国的气候状况,遭遇过饥荒,面对外族入侵等各方面困难,之后伏尔加德意志移民结合俄国的气候条件与德意志的耕作经验改良了农业生产方法,土豆的引入和烟草种植使移民的生活不断好转。本文的第三部分是结语。笔者在分析叶卡捷琳娜二世伏尔加德意志移民状况的基础上,总结这一时期伏尔加德意志移民在俄国所面临的困难,分析这一时期的经历对后世伏尔加德意志民族的形成和迁徙所奠定的基础。
[Abstract]:Yekaterina II Russia continued to expand, increasingly in need of more capable workers, farmers settled in the newly expanded land, and many Germans were eager to settle down to Russia. In the period of Yekaterina II, these immigrants were placed in Volga region. The object of this study is Volga German immigrants during Yekaterina II. The research period was during the reign of Yekaterina II, that is, 1762-1796. The contents of the study include the reasons for the German immigrants, the itinerary of the immigrants, and the initial resettlement situation. This paper is divided into three parts. The first part is the preface, the author will explain the significance of the topic, related concepts, domestic and foreign research review, research ideas and innovation. The second part is the main part of the paper, including four chapters, each chapter on the German immigrants in Volga. The first chapter is the reason why the Germans emigrated to Russia. First of all, the author introduces the situation of German immigrants in Russia before the reign of Yekaterina II, and then analyzes the specific contents of the decree issued by Yekaterina II in 1763 inviting foreigners to emigrate to Russia. Enumerate the preferential conditions offered to foreigners. Then it introduces the situation of German region in the same period and analyzes the internal reasons of German emigration. The second chapter is the preparation and journey of German immigrants to Volga. Describes how Russian recruiting officers propagate in Germany, the migration route of German immigrants and the difficulties encountered during the journey. The third chapter is about the initial settlement of Volga German immigrants. The establishment of the immigration area, the initial administration, and the establishment of the principal officials were introduced in detail, and the difficulties they encountered in the initial period of immigration from living conditions, as well as the intrusions of thieves and riots, were described. The fourth chapter is about the agricultural production of Volga German immigrants in the initial period of settlement. The German immigrants who came to Volga were not familiar with Russia's climatic conditions at first, experienced famine, faced difficulties in the face of foreign invasion, and so on. Later Volga German immigrants combined Russian climatic conditions with German farming experience to improve agricultural production methods, and the introduction of potatoes and tobacco cultivation made life better for immigrants. The third part of this paper is the conclusion. Based on the analysis of Yekaterina II Volga German immigrants, the author summarizes the difficulties faced by Volga German immigrants in Russia during this period. Analysis of the experience of this period for the formation and migration of the later Volga German people laid the foundation.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K512.34

【相似文献】