奥巴桑乔与尼日利亚现代化进程研究

发布时间：2018-06-19 01:32

本文选题：奥巴桑乔 + 尼日利亚　；参考：《华东师范大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 1960年10月1日，尼日利亚由英国殖民地变成一个主权国家，开始了现代化的发展进程。在近半个世纪的现代化进程中，历届政府都为此进行了不同程度的探索与改革，这其中较为引人注目的是奥巴桑乔政府的实践与探索。奥巴桑乔是尼日利亚东山再起的民选总统，是非洲政坛上的重要人物，是具有现代化意识的国家领袖。他在军政府时期率先实践“还政于民”，赢得国际社会尊重；作为民选总统又高举反腐败大旗，大力推进政治经济改革，对尼日利亚现代化进程产生了一定程度的影响。现代化最基本的要求是政治稳定，尼日利亚由于军事政变频繁导致政局动荡，因此，实现政治稳定是该国人民的夙愿。1999年，奥巴桑乔当选总统为尼日利亚政局稳定、经济发展带来新的契机。本文以奥巴桑乔推动下的现代化进程为研究对象，在整理和分析大量第一手史料及前人研究的基础上，对其国家及民族意识、政治经济改革、多元外交进行了较为系统的研究。本文共分四章，另加序言和余论。序言部分叙述了本论文的研究意义，回顾了国内外研究现状，，在此基础上提出个人的看法和写作思路，并对奥巴桑乔的人生轨迹进行了较为明确的梳理。第一章讲述尼日利亚1960-1999年现代化的曲折进程。从全文的角度看本章属于背景性质的分析和铺垫，包括第一共和国时期的政治危机、戈翁军政府和巴班吉达军政府的政治探索与现代化进程的关系、1960-1999年的经济发展历程。本章分析了尼日利亚现代化进程的曲折性与复杂性，旨在说明探索适合本国国情现代化道路的重要性。第二章研究奥巴桑乔与尼日利亚政治现代化。奥巴桑乔超越部族、超越地区的民族意识和国家意识在现代化进程中发挥了重要作用，多年的军事生涯和还政于民的实践使他从一名爱国军官成长为具有现代化意识的政治领袖。军政府时期的奥巴桑乔为国家统一进行了奋战，为还政于民大胆实践，推动了尼日利亚政治现代化进程。作为民选总统的奥巴桑乔发挥自己的优势为国家服务，注重国内民族和解，高举反腐大旗，整治国内环境，在政治民主化进程中做出了重要贡献。第三章分析奥巴桑乔与尼日利亚经济现代化。主要包括新政府的经济政策、经济战略；在经济战略影响下农业、工业、对外贸易等发展的成就及存在的问题。为发展民族经济，奥巴桑乔新政府出台了《1999-2003年经济发展规划》和《2003-2007年国民经济增强和发展战略》，提出了经济改革的总方针及其政策措施。在政府的重视和大力支持下，农业在国民经济中的基础地位加强，制造业活力增强，石油天然气迅速发展，对外经济关系空前活跃。在分析取得的成就同时也指出了存在的问题，依然存在如经济结构单一，投资条件急需改善等制约经济发展的因素。第四章探讨奥巴桑乔的对外关系与尼日利亚现代化。主要包括独立初期的外交政策与奥巴桑乔的非洲观；奥巴桑乔新政府的多元外交战略等内容。奥巴桑乔的非洲观与外交战略改善了尼日利亚的国际环境，促进了国内经济的发展，提高了国际地位，为尼日利亚现代化进程的全面展开奠定了良好的基础。余论部分在分析历届政府推动尼日利亚作用的基础上总结了该国现代化进程的特点；对奥巴桑乔在军政府时期和民选政府时期的政策进行比较，从中看出奥巴桑乔政府在尼日利亚现代化进程中的作用。
[Abstract]:In October 1, 1960, Nigeria became a sovereign state from British colonies to a modern process of development. In the course of the modernization of nearly half a century, all successive governments have carried out different degrees of exploration and reform, which is more noticeable in the practice and exploration of the Obasanjo administration. Obasanjo is the Nei. The elected president of Leah, the elected president of the country, is an important figure in African politics and a national leader with a sense of modernization. He took the lead in practicing the "repaying the people" and winning the respect of the international community during the period of the military government. As the elected president, he raised the banner of anti corruption, vigorously promoted the political reform of the government, and produced the process of modernization of Nigeria. To a certain degree of influence.
The basic requirement of modernization is political stability and Nigeria's political stability is caused by the frequent political upheavals caused by the military coup. Therefore, the realization of political stability is the long cherished wish of the people in the country in.1999. The president elect of Obasanjo has brought about a new opportunity for the stability of Nigeria's political situation and the economic development. This paper studies the modernization process driven by Obasanjo as a study. On the basis of sorting out and analyzing a large number of first-hand historical materials and previous studies, the elephant has carried out a more systematic study of its national and national consciousness, political and economic reform, and pluralistic diplomacy.
This article is divided into four chapters, in addition to the preface and the remaining theory.
The preface narrates the research significance of this paper, reviews the present research status at home and abroad, and on this basis puts forward personal views and writing ideas, and makes a more clear combing of Obasanjo's life track.
The first chapter is about the zigzag process of Nigeria's 1960-1999 year modernization. From the full text point of view, the analysis and paving of this chapter belongs to the background nature, including the political crisis in the first Republic, the relationship between the political exploration and the modernization process of the government of the GE and Babangida Army, the course of the economic development of the 1960-1999 years. The tortuosity and complexity of Nigeria's modernization process are aimed at explaining the importance of exploring the road of modernization suited to our national conditions.
The second chapter studies the political modernization of Obasanjo and Nigeria. Obasanjo transcends the tribes, and the national consciousness and national consciousness beyond the region play an important role in the process of modernization. Years of military career and the practice of returning to the people make him grow from a patriotic officer to a political leader with a modern consciousness. The period Obasanjo fought for the unification of the state, made bold practice for the reign of the people and promoted the process of political modernization in Nigeria. As the elected president, Obasanjo played his advantage for the country, paid attention to the national reconciliation, raised the anti corruption banner, renovate the country's internal environment and made important tribute in the process of political democratization. Offer.
The third chapter analyzes the economic modernization of Obasanjo and Nigeria, mainly including the economic policy and economic strategy of the new government, the achievements and existing problems in the development of agriculture, industry and foreign trade under the influence of the economic strategy. For the development of national economy, the new government of Obasanjo introduced the economic development plan of <1999-2003 and <2003-2007. The strategy of strengthening and developing the national economy has put forward the general policy of economic reform and its policy and measures. With the attention and strong support of the government, the basic status of agriculture in the national economy is strengthened, the vitality of the manufacturing industry is strengthened, the oil and natural gas is rapidly developing and the foreign economic relations are unprecedentedly active. There are still some factors that restrict economic development, such as the unitary economic structure and the urgent need for improvement of investment conditions.
The fourth chapter discusses Obasanjo's foreign relations and the modernization of Nigeria. It mainly includes the foreign policy of the early independence and Obasanjo's view of Africa, and the pluralistic diplomatic strategy of Obasanjo's new government. The African outlook and foreign strategy of Obasanjo improved the international environment of the national economy and promoted the development of the domestic economy. The high international status has laid a good foundation for the modernization of Nigeria.
On the basis of the analysis of the role of successive governments in promoting Nigeria, the author summarizes the characteristics of the modernization process of the country, and compares Obasanjo's policies during the period of the military government and the period of the elected government, and finds out the role of the Obasanjo government in the process of modernization in Nigeria.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K437.5

【引证文献】