论罗马帝国早期的保护关系

发布时间：2018-06-23 22:03

本文选题：保护关系 + 恩惠　；参考：《东北师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：保护关系作为一种人身依附关系在古代社会中普遍存在,它是经济发展和社会等级分化的产物。罗马的保护关系是一种独特的社会关系,它大概起源于王政时期的“保护制度”,最初表现为保护人与被保护人之间的个人关系。罗马帝国早期的保护关系在此基础上演变而来,其表现形式更加复杂,类型多样。主要表现为被释奴与其前主人之间的关系、食客与贵族之间的关系、罗马显赫人物与地方共同体的关系、法律辩护人与其当事人之间的关系。它们都在不同程度上保留了传统保护关系的痕迹和特征。另外,进入帝国时期,皇帝成为了至高无上的保护人,围绕他形成了一个特殊的荫庇体系,保护关系成为当权者手中的一个统治利器。本文运用历史学、人类学、社会学等学科的研究方法和理论试图对帝国早期保护关系的发展状况进行分析和研究。正文分为三章。第一章主要梳理了前帝国时期保护关系的形成与发展状况,并探讨了保护关系的定义。第二章是本文的重点,主要介绍帝国早期保护关系的类型和每种类型保护关系的发展概况。第三章主要论述帝国早期保护关系的特点与社会功用。保护关系对罗马帝国早期的社会发展具有重要的影响,起到了维护等级秩序、促进社会流动和提高社会凝聚力的作用,对统治阶层和社会底层人民都具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:As a kind of personal attachment relationship, protection relationship is a product of economic development and social class differentiation in ancient society. The protection relationship of Rome is a kind of special social relationship, which probably originated from the "protection system" in the period of the king's rule, and was initially manifested as the personal relationship between the protected person and the protected person. The early protection relationship of the Roman Empire evolved on this basis, and its forms were more complex and varied. It mainly shows the relationship between the freed slaves and their former masters, between the diners and the nobility, between the prominent Roman figures and the local community, and between the legal defenders and their clients. To some extent, they all retain the trace and characteristics of traditional protection relationship. In addition, in the imperial period, the emperor became the supreme protector, formed a special system of shadow protection around him, and the protection relationship became a ruling weapon in the hands of the people in power. This paper tries to analyze and study the development of the early protection relationship of empire by using the methods and theories of history, anthropology, sociology and so on. The text is divided into three chapters. The first chapter mainly combs the formation and development of the protection relationship in the pre-imperial period, and probes into the definition of the protection relationship. The second chapter is the focus of this paper, mainly introduces the types of early imperial protection relationship and the development of each type of protection relationship. The third chapter mainly discusses the characteristics and social functions of the early imperial protection relationship. The relationship of protection has an important influence on the social development of the early Roman Empire, and plays the role of maintaining hierarchical order, promoting social mobility and enhancing social cohesion. It is of great significance to both the ruling class and the people at the bottom of the society.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K126

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