美国处置瑞士银行纳粹黄金问题研究（1940-1946）

发布时间：2018-06-24 00:45

本文选题：瑞士 + 纳粹黄金　；参考：《东北师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：瑞士是中欧的一个小国，以钟表和金融业著称于世。传统上，瑞士给人的印象是温和的、平静的。但是在第二次世界大战期间，瑞士以中立国家为掩护，将纳粹德国从占领区和犹太人那里掠夺来的资产通过其他中立国周转，使德国的经济能力大大加强，而以美国为首的同盟国针对各中立国特别是瑞士的这种行为展开了一系列针锋相对的措施，这些措施既有经济的考虑，也有政治的考量，随着国际形势的变换，美国也不断改变对瑞士的政策，最终双方以协议的形式达成一致，但是这个协议并没有最终解决所有问题，相关的遗留问题一直持续到现在。本文主要由以下三部分组成：第一部分：分析了瑞士银行纳粹黄金的来源、构成、以及瑞士与纳粹德国战时的交易。探究了瑞士在二战中对于德国的“特殊”地位。，，第二部分：这一部分是本文的重点，主要介绍了美国对瑞士的政策、措施及转变。从1940年罗斯福签署第8389号总统令冻结纳粹德国在美国资产开始，到1946年5月份美国及其盟国与瑞士签订华盛顿协议，基本完成了瑞士银行纳粹黄金问题的处置。第三部分：这一部分主要论述了华盛顿协议的影响，分析了以美国为首的同盟国集团对瑞士妥协的原因和背景以及瑞士在二战结束后的“特殊”地位。
[Abstract]:Switzerland is a small country in central Europe, famous for clocks and finance. Traditionally, Switzerland gives the impression that it is mild and calm. However, during the second World War, Switzerland, under the cover of neutral States, turned over the assets seized by Nazi Germany from the occupied territories and Jews through other neutral countries, which greatly strengthened Germany's economic capacity. And the US-led allies have launched a series of tit-for-tat measures against such acts of neutral countries, especially Switzerland. These measures include both economic and political considerations, and as the international situation changes, The United States has also been changing its policy towards Switzerland, eventually reaching an agreement in the form of an agreement, but the deal has not resolved all the issues, and the remaining issues continue to this day. This paper mainly consists of the following three parts: the first part: analyzes the origin and composition of Nazi gold in Swiss bank and the trade between Switzerland and Nazi Germany in wartime. The second part: this part is the focus of this paper, mainly introduces the American policy, measures and changes to Switzerland. Since Roosevelt signed Presidential decree No. 8389 in 1940 to freeze Nazi Germany's assets in the United States, the United States and its allies signed a Washington agreement with Switzerland in May 1946, which basically completed the disposal of the Nazi gold problem of Swiss banks. Part three: this part mainly discusses the influence of Washington Agreement, analyzes the reason and background of the compromise between the United States and Switzerland and the special status of Switzerland after World War II.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K712;F831.9

【参考文献】