“波尔克先生的战争”研究

发布时间：2018-06-25 03:27

本文选题：波尔克 + 美墨战争　；参考：《华东师范大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 美国至今已有44位总统,作为国家最高权力行使者,这些总统作为个人在最大程度地影响着这个国家,尤其是那些强有力的总统。美国拥有优良的地理条件,初期的美国历史战争不多。19世纪40年代,美国扩张主义盛行。在此情形下,民主党人詹姆斯·K·波尔克高举扩张大旗,登上美国政治权力的最高峰。不久波尔克就挑起了美墨之间的战争,即美墨战争(又被称为“波尔克先生的战争”)。本文共分三章。第一章是波尔克其人其事。主要对波尔克的早年经历、1844年大选以及波尔克完成了三大目标进行论述。在1844年大选之中,波尔克充分认识到扩张是美国的主旋律。他扛起扩张主义大旗,鼓吹兼并得克萨斯和占领俄勒冈。一举盖过党内领袖人物马丁·范·布伦,击败辉格党领袖亨利·克莱并成为美利坚第11任总统。波尔克的胜出看起来是充满了偶然性。第二章是“波尔克先生的战争”。该章主要论述了波尔克在美墨战争中发挥了不可替代的作用。本文以战争的顺序来进行论述。得克萨斯兼并,随着波尔克一笔签名得克萨斯成为美国一个州;随之波尔克派了扎卡里·泰勒将军率军开进争议地区,引诱墨西哥军队出击,成功挑起了战争;按照原先已有部署,美军很快就占领墨西哥北部新墨西哥地区与加利福尼亚地区;在攻下墨西哥首都以后,波尔克未被巨大胜利冲昏头脑,力排众议与墨西哥签订《瓜达卢佩-伊达尔戈条约》而终止了战争。第三章是非“波尔克先生的战争”。该章主要论述了美墨战争中的历史必然性。首先,美国建国后几十年来,人口与经济得到飞速增长,而且强大了的美国也有严峻的社会问题,这些问题的解决需要美利坚进行扩张;其次,国内“天定命运论”的出台,为美墨战争做了思想上的准备;再次,欧洲列强也在觊觎贫弱的墨西哥,这对美国的“孤立主义”有极大威胁,为维护“孤立主义”这一立国之本,拥有实力的美国不会坐视不理;最后,战争不仅仅是波尔克一个人的愿望,更为墨西哥所欢迎。
[Abstract]:To date, the United States has 44 presidents who, as the country's supreme powers, have the greatest personal influence on the country, especially those who are powerful. The United States has good geographical conditions, the early American historical war is few. 1840 s, American expansionism prevailed. In this context, Democrat James K. Polk held the banner of expansion to the highest point of political power in the United States. Polk soon started a war between America and Mexico, the American-Mexican war (also known as Mr Polk's War). This paper is divided into three chapters. The first chapter is about Polk. It mainly discusses Polk's early experience, the election in 1844 and Polk's three goals. In the election of 1844, Polk fully realized that expansion was the main theme of the United States. He carried the banner of expansionism, preaching the annexation of Texas and the occupation of Oregon. Overshadowed party leader Martin Van Buren, defeating Whig leader Henry Clay to become the 11 th president of the United States. Polk's victory seemed to be full of chance. The second chapter is the War of Mr. Polk. In this chapter, Polk plays an irreplaceable role in the American-Mexican War. This article is discussed in the order of war. With the Texas merger, Texas became a state with Polk's signature, and Polk sent General Zakary Taylor into the disputed area, seduced the Mexican army into attack, and successfully started the war. According to the original deployment, the U. S. military soon occupied the northern part of Mexico, New Mexico and California; after the capture of the Mexican capital, Polk was not overwhelmed by the great victory. The war ended with the signing of the Guadalupe-Hidalgo Treaty with Mexico. The third chapter is not the War of Mr. Polk. This chapter mainly discusses the historical inevitability of the American-Mexican War. First, in the decades since the founding of the United States, the population and economy have grown rapidly, and the strong United States also has serious social problems. The solution of these problems requires the expansion of the United States. Secondly, the introduction of the domestic "destiny theory." Prepared ideologically for the war between the United States and Mexico; thirdly, European powers are also coveting poor and weak Mexico, which poses a great threat to the "isolationism" of the United States, in order to safeguard the foundation of "isolationism" as a nation. The powerful US will not sit idly by; in the end, war is more than just Polk's wish, more popular with Mexico.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K712

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