肯尼迪政府时期美以关系演变进程研究（1961-1963）

发布时间：2018-06-25 04:01

本文选题：美以关系 + 隼式导弹　；参考：《外交学院》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 肯尼迪政府时期是美以两国关系史上承前启后的阶段，这一进程的演变可以分为三个阶段，，第一个阶段是肯尼迪执政的前18个月，两国关系虽没有明显的改变，但是为后面的变化作了很好的铺垫；第二阶段、也是两国关系发展的关键的一步是美国向以色列出售隼式导弹；第三阶段就是售以武器之后，阿以美三方之间围绕阿拉伯国家世界的动荡而展开的博弈，这一博弈的最终结果是美以两国之间建成了制度化，正规化，而又非常特殊的联盟关系。美国售以武器这一决策的出台有着极不寻常的背景，它不仅有以色列长期坚持不懈的努力，更有肯尼迪政府内部各部门间的角力以及肯尼迪本人的鼎力支持。这其中既有历史的机缘巧合，又有领导人个人因素的作用。肯尼迪总统之所以支持向以色列售武，是因为其个人的理想主义政策取向。即肯尼迪要对阿以双方实施它的平衡战略，消除以色列与阿拉伯国家的实力对比劣势，使其变得更加自信。从而促使其采取更加合作的态度来接受并实施美国提出的旨在解决巴勒斯坦难民问题的约翰逊计划。以达到美国稳定中东地区局势、综合全面地解决阿以争端，从而实现中东地区的全面和平、抵消苏联在这一地区渗透的目的。另外，在美方答应了向以色列出售武器之后，中东地区紧接着又出现了一系列的紧张局势。围绕这些紧张局势的处理，阿以美三方之间又展开了一场博弈，这一博弈的结果使得美国巩固并加强了与以色列的联盟关系。
[Abstract]:The period of Kennedy administration was a period of continuity between the past and the future in the history of US-Israel relations. The evolution of this process can be divided into three stages. The first stage is the first 18 months of Kennedy's administration, although the relationship between the two countries has not changed significantly. But it paved the way for further changes; the second stage, and a key step in the development of relations between the two countries, was the sale by the United States of Falcon missiles to Israel; the third stage was after the sale of weapons. The game between the Arab, Israeli and American parties revolves around the turmoil in the Arab world. The final result of this game is the institutionalization, formalization, and very special alliance relationship between the United States and Israel. The decision to sell arms to the United States has a very unusual background, not only with Israel's persistent efforts for a long time, but also with the struggle among the various departments of the Kennedy administration and Kennedy's strong support. There are both historical coincidences and the role of leaders' personal factors. President Kennedy supported arms sales to Israel because of his personal idealistic policy orientation. That is, Kennedy should carry out his balanced strategy towards both sides, eliminate the inferior position between Israel and Arab countries, and make him more confident. This led to a more cooperative approach to accepting and implementing the Johnson Plan proposed by the United States to resolve the Palestine refugee problem. In order to achieve a stable situation in the Middle East, comprehensive settlement of the Arab-Israeli dispute, so as to achieve a comprehensive peace in the Middle East, counteracting the purpose of Soviet infiltration in this region. In addition, after the United States promised to sell weapons to Israel, the Middle East followed by a series of tensions. Around these tensions, there is another game between the Arab-Israeli and American parties, the result of which makes the United States consolidate and strengthen its alliance with Israel.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K712.54;D871.2

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