欧洲史视域中文德十字军探析

发布时间：2018-06-25 23:13

本文选题：文德人 + 十字军　；参考：《贵州社会科学》2014年12期

【摘要】：文德十字军是1147年针对文德人(Wends)的十字军,也是12世纪中叶—16世纪初波罗的海十字军的第一波次。在民族大迁徙时代,作为斯拉夫民族最西部的部落群体,文德人向西、向南拓展,挤压了波罗的海南岸日耳曼人的空间。1147年4月13日,教皇发布《神恩豁免》教谕,授权哈弗尔贝格主教安瑟姆组织欧洲大陆北部的基督徒,征战邻近的异教徒。1147年6月,文德人首领涅科劳特带领西斯拉夫部落联军突袭文德利亚的基督徒定居点,引发文德十字军。几经战斗,文德十字军无果而终,涅科劳特牢牢地控制了吕贝克以东地区。1160年,丹麦与萨克森结盟,共同打击文德人,杀死涅科劳特。从此,文德人逐渐德意志化并皈依基督教,拒绝皈依基督教的文德人惨遭屠戮,幸存者消融于德意志民族之中。
[Abstract]:The Venter Crusade was the first crusade against the Wends in 1147 and the first of the Baltic Crusades in the mid-16 th century. In the era of the great migration, as the westernmost tribal group of the Slavic people, the Wende extended westward and southward, squeezing the space of the Germanic on the southern shore of the Baltic Sea. On April 13, 1147, the Pope issued the oracle "immunity from God". Authorized Bishop Haffelberg to organize Christians in northern Europe to fight the neighboring heathen. In June 1147, the head of the Windsor, Necorot, led a coalition of Western Slavic tribes to raid Christian settlements in Vendelia. Ignited the Venter Crusade. After several battles, the Crusades ended in vain, and Necorot firmly took control of the region east of Lubeck. In 1160, Denmark allied with Saxony to attack the Windsmen and kill Necroot. Since then, the Wende people gradually became Deutsche and converted to Christianity, the people who refused to convert to Christianity were slaughtered, and the survivors melted into the German nation.
【作者单位】：南开大学;东北师范大学;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地南开大学世界近现代史研究中心重大课题“北欧民族国家生成与演进研究”
【分类号】：K503

【共引文献】