法国中世纪晚期的狂欢文化研究

发布时间：2018-06-27 16:57

  本文选题：狂欢游戏 + 狂欢文化　； 参考：《史学月刊》2017年02期

【摘要】：近代早期以前,西欧狂欢文化最主要的特征和功能并不是它的颠覆性,相反地,它具有十分重要的社会文化建构功能。从根本上说,中世纪的狂欢文化是地方社群自治的重要载体,并为所有阶层、性别和年龄的人所共享。首先,中世纪的狂欢游戏是一种重要的宗教仪式,是人们驱逐集体恐惧和寻求宗教保护的一种手段。其次,狂欢游戏还具有确认和更新集体价值的作用,从而凝聚集体的力量应对共同的生存威胁。在近代早期,随着生活环境和社会观念的变化,狂欢文化出现了明显的世俗化趋向,造成中世纪的"文化共同体"发生分裂。另一方面,狂欢文化的社群管理功能却在延续,它与法国正在崛起的绝对君权发生激烈的冲突,这才使得狂欢文化的颠覆性和反抗性被明显放大。上述演变令狂欢文化的生存土壤出现退化,导致狂欢文化走向衰落。
[Abstract]:Before the early modern times, the most important feature and function of carnival culture in Western Europe was not its subversive nature, on the contrary, it had a very important function of social and cultural construction. Fundamentally speaking, the carnival culture of the Middle Ages was an important carrier of local community autonomy and shared by all classes, gender and age. First, the carnival game in the Middle Ages was an important religious ritual, a means of banishing collective fear and seeking religious protection. Secondly, carnival game also has the function of confirming and renewing collective value, thus condensing collective strength to deal with common survival threat. In the early modern times, with the change of living environment and social concept, carnival culture appeared obvious secularization trend, resulting in the division of "cultural community" in the Middle Ages. On the other hand, the community management function of carnival culture is continuing, which conflicts with the rising absolute monarchy in France, which magnifies the subversion and resistance of carnival culture. The above evolution degenerated the living soil of carnival culture and led to the decline of carnival culture.
【作者单位】： 浙江大学人文学院博士后流动站;温州大学人文学院;
【基金】：2015年教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“游戏与法国近代社交研究”(15YJC770030)
【分类号】：K565.3
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本文编号：2074593