20世纪80年代美国主流文化回归的探析

发布时间：2018-07-10 08:56

本文选题：主流文化回归 + 美国主流价值观　；参考：《陕西师范大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 美国文化就像一个来回摆动的钟摆。20世纪60年代的嬉皮士们发动了强势的持续多年的与传统观念背道而驰的反文化运动,险些使当时的美国社会陷入分崩离析的边缘。然而,20年后雅皮士的出现告诉人们美国主流文化回归了并且它依然很强大。学术界内对雅皮士文化或是20世纪80年代主流文化回归的研究并不多,然而这并不是说它们是不重要的。这篇论文试图对雅皮士文化做一个较为全面的探析,为那个时期的主流文化回归呈现一个生动形象的画面。雅皮士在哪些方面表现出了主流文化?雅皮士文化是如何出现的?它有什么特点?导致这种文化产生的因素有哪些呢?它是如何消失的呢?它又有怎样的影响呢?这些都是本文所要回答的问题。入世是雅皮士们最具代表性的特点。享受美好的生活,在政治上有着自己清楚独特的见解,工作起来废寝忘食,所有的这些都体现了他们对待生活的积极态度。他们把金钱看得很重却从来不是纯粹的拜金主义者。在他们看来,追求精神上的慰藉也是必要的。在对雅皮士的特点进行介绍的基础上,作者分析了雅皮士对美国主流价值观的传承。这一方面显示了主流文化巨大的吸引力和向心力,另一方面也展现了80年代主流文化回归的总体趋势。但在同时作者指出作为主流文化回归的主要创造者的雅皮士们也具有自己的重要特点,这些使得他们作为一个特别的社会群体而存在。归根结底,雅皮士文化是一种亚文化的表现。在这篇论文中,作者从五个方面对雅皮士文化产生的原因进行了探析。这五个方面分别是:政治上的保守氛围,不乐观的经济环境,教育的改革,反叛力量的减弱和心理变化。具体说来,政治倾向的变化,越战的结束和外交政策的调整缓和了局势并且转移了矛盾,衰退的经济催人奋进,教育的改革重塑了人们的人生观,号召力的减弱直接导致了反叛的结束,年龄的增长带来了内在的心理变化。所有的这些因素对于这个时期的形成都是不可或缺的,也可以看得出主流文化的回归绝非偶然。因为在很大程度上和传统价值观保持着一致,雅皮士文化并不是十分显眼而且在很短的一段时间之后便退出了历史舞台。在论文的最后,作者强调了作为现代美国历史重要的不可替代的一环,它的影响不可忽略。这些影响几乎体现在了社会的方方面面,诸如社会风气、生活品味、消费观念、政治以及语言上。雅皮士曾经是世界范围内热议的话题,而今也是经常被提及。本文从表现方式,产生因素,结束和影响几个方面对雅皮士文化进了探析,既有利于更好地理解这一历史阶段的美国文化,也有助于增强对美国主流文化的认识。这对以后学习美国文化也是很有启发的。
[Abstract]:American culture is like a pendulum swinging back and forth. The hippies of the 1960s launched a powerful countercultural movement that ran counter to traditional ideas for many years and nearly brought American society to the brink of disintegration. Yet the emergence of yuppies 20 years later tells people that mainstream American culture is back and it is still strong. There is not much research in academia about yuppie culture or the return of mainstream culture in the 1980s, but this does not mean that they are unimportant. This paper attempts to make a more comprehensive analysis of yuppie culture and presents a vivid picture for the return of mainstream culture in that period. In what ways did yuppies show mainstream culture? How did yuppie culture emerge? What are its characteristics? What are the factors leading to this culture? How did it disappear? What impact does it have? These are the questions to be answered in this paper. WTO entry is the most representative characteristic of yuppies. Enjoying a good life, having a clear and unique view in politics, and forgetting to eat and sleep at work all reflect their positive attitude towards life. They value money very much, but they are never pure money worshippers. In their view, the pursuit of spiritual comfort is also necessary. On the basis of introducing the characteristics of yuppies, the author analyzes their inheritance of American mainstream values. On the one hand, it shows the great attraction and centripetal force of the mainstream culture, on the other hand, it also shows the general trend of the return of the mainstream culture in the 1980's. But at the same time the author points out that yuppies as the main creators of mainstream culture also have their own important characteristics which make them exist as a special social group. In the final analysis, yuppie culture is the expression of a subculture. In this paper, the author analyzes the causes of yuppie culture from five aspects. These five aspects are: the conservative atmosphere in politics, the unoptimistic economic environment, the reform of education, the weakening of rebel forces and the change of psychology. Specifically, the changes in political tendencies, the end of the Vietnam War and the adjustment of foreign policy have eased the situation and shifted contradictions, the declining economy has inspired people to advance, and the reform of education has reshaped people's outlook on life. The decline of appeal directly led to the end of the rebellion, and the increase of age brought about the inner psychological change. All these factors are indispensable to the formation of this period, and it can be seen that the return of mainstream culture is no accident. Because to a large extent consonant with traditional values, yuppie culture is not very conspicuous and after a very short period of time to withdraw from the stage of history. At the end of the paper, the author emphasizes that as an important and irreplaceable link in modern American history, its influence can not be ignored. These influences are reflected in almost all aspects of society, such as social ethos, taste in life, consumption ideas, politics and language. Yuppies used to be a hot topic around the world, and now they are often mentioned. This paper analyzes the yuppie culture from several aspects, such as the way of expression, the factors, the end and the influence. It is not only helpful to better understand the American culture in this historical stage, but also helpful to enhance the understanding of American mainstream culture. This is also very enlightening for learning American culture in the future.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K712

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