武士道论考

发布时间：2018-07-10 09:40

本文选题：武士道论 + 忠义　；参考：《华东师范大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 关于如何定义日本的武士道,这恐怕不单单是学术上所引人关注的研究课题。何为武士道,以一般理论阐述,就是在日本幕府时代,武士必须遵守的封建道德。从明治时代一直到第二次世界大战,所谓的“明治武士道论”雏形,在进入二十世纪后开始基本自成一体。它在鼓吹“富国强兵”、“攘夷论”、“忠君爱国”的舆论中产生,重新注释了“武士道论”。第二次世界大战后,同本迎来了民主化时代,武士道论发生了巨大转换。支撑日本“国体”的战前武士道论日渐式微。据此,学术界开始关心如何把日本古有的武士道思想作为一般行为准则、道德体系导入日常生活中。包括日本在内,全世界都对这一日本自古存在,被视为儒教思想的道德伦理理论产生了巨大的误解和迥然不同的认识。我们至今为止所理解的武士道思想,与日本固有的武士道思想有本质的区别。可以理解为,这是一种以异化成武士道、断章取义的儒教思想为核心内容的道德体系。概而言之,原有的武士道论可以理解为,无论是西方社会还是中国社会的一种接近于人类应该基本遵守的行为准则、道德准则伦理体系。 “武士道”应于各时代的状况而千变万化。反朝廷和尊重朝廷、反儒教和尊重儒教、反西洋和尊重西洋文化、反道德和崇尚道德,其背道而驰的核心内容,共存一体,让人甚感异样难解。为此,若由“武士道”来理解日本人的“国民性”,“武士道”根据时代的变化,特别是与外来文化的对应中,始终不断改变着他们的思维方式,这只能说是象征了日本人自我性,瞬息万变的另一面。武士道论作为一种实在的社会科学研究对象,我们有必要从历史上追寻并认识原来的武士道的历史变化、核心内容的变迁、以及作为日本道德体系、价值观念精神支柱的武士道思想。武士道的核心内容是忠义二字,在本稿中,笔者以分析忠义这一观念为基础,在概括提示武士道新的历史形象的基础上,考察与此伴随的社会人际关系、组织结构、以及道德观念,与我们以往所理解的武士道的历史变化和差异。
[Abstract]:The definition of Bushido in Japan is not just a matter of academic interest. What is Bushido, in general theory, is in the Japanese shogunate era, samurai must abide by feudal morality. From the Meiji era to the second World War, the so-called "Meiji Bushido theory" rudimentary, after entering the 20th century, the basic self-made. It came into being in the public opinion of "rich country and strong army", "hustle Yi theory", "loyal monarch patriotic", and reannotated "Bushido theory". After the second World War, Tongben ushered in the era of democratization, Bushido theory has undergone a huge transformation. The theory of Bushido, which supported Japan's "state system", declined day by day. Therefore, the academic circles began to care about how to take the ancient Japanese Bushido thought as the general code of conduct and the moral system into the daily life. The world, including Japan, has had a great misunderstanding and different understanding of the moral and ethical theory, which is regarded as Confucianism since ancient times. The Bushido thought, which we have understood so far, is fundamentally different from that inherent in Japan. It can be understood as a kind of moral system with the core content of the dissimilation into Bushido and the Confucianism thought which is taken out of context. Generally speaking, the original Bushido theory can be understood as a code of conduct and ethical system which should be observed by human beings in both western society and Chinese society. Bushido should be changed in various times. Anti-court and respect for court, anti-Confucianism and respect for Confucianism, anti-Western and respect Western culture, anti-morality and advocating morality, its core content, coexistence, let people feel strange and difficult to understand. Therefore, if "Bushido" is used to understand the "national character" of the Japanese, "Bushido" is constantly changing their way of thinking according to the changes of the times, especially the correspondence with foreign cultures. This can only be said to symbolize the Japanese self-nature, the other side of rapid change. As a real object of social science research, it is necessary for us to pursue and understand the historical changes of the original Bushido, the change of the core content, and the Japanese moral system. The Bushido thought of the spiritual pillar of values. The core content of Bushido is the word "loyalty and righteousness". In this draft, the author, based on the analysis of the concept of loyalty and on the basis of summarizing the new historical image of Bushido, examines the social interpersonal relationship and organizational structure accompanying with it. And moral concepts, and we have previously understood the historical changes and differences of Bushido.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K313

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