法律身份、人口比例和收入水平——论中世纪西欧工匠的几个问题

发布时间：2018-07-11 17:08

本文选题：中世纪 + 工匠　；参考：《史学理论研究》2013年01期

【摘要】：中世纪的西欧工匠是一个非常重要的劳动者群体。他们包括自由人和不自由人,后者在中世纪较早摆脱了奴役,成为半自由人和自由人;他们的人口比例不断上升,中世纪中晚期城乡工匠大约占到总人口的10%—20%,平均在15%左右,构成非农业人口的主体;他们主要以工业生产为生,随着中世纪中期和晚期工业品价格和工资从缓慢增长到快速上升,工匠收入的购买力也相应经历了从下降到提高的过程,15世纪时工匠的生活水平得到明显改善。
[Abstract]:Western European craftsmen in the Middle Ages were a very important group of workers. They included free men and non-free men, who in the Middle Ages were freed from slavery early in the Middle Ages and became semi-free and free; their proportion of the population continued to rise. In the middle and late Middle Ages, craftsmen accounted for about 10-20 percent of the total population, with an average of about 15 percent, making up the majority of the non-agricultural population; they mainly lived on industrial production. As the prices and wages of industrial products increased from slow to rapid in the middle and late Middle Ages, the purchasing power of the income of artisans went through the process of declining to increasing accordingly. The living standards of craftsmen improved markedly in the 15th century.
【作者单位】：中国人民大学历史系;
【基金】：中国人民大学“985工程”第三期专项经费的资助
【分类号】：K503

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