江户幕府时期日本对华观的矛盾现象——以日本对清朝的军事情报活动为中心

发布时间：2018-07-13 14:04

【摘要】：江户幕府时期的日本,其对华观呈现出十分明显的矛盾现象:一方面贱视清朝,视清朝为"夷狄",坚持拒绝与清朝通交的立场;另一方面,却又特别重视清朝,视清朝为日本主要的威胁。日本江户幕府虽然与清朝没有官方交往,但却利用其周邻外交和唐船贸易的信息渠道,在搜集清朝"三藩之乱"、乾隆帝南巡等政治情报的同时,尤其重视搜集舆地、军政、武备技术等清朝军事方面的情报。贱视清朝,主要是从文化心态层面出发的,江户幕府主政官员深受儒家"华夷观"的影响;重视清朝,则是从现实层面出发的,毕竟当时的日本国力较弱,并不具备与清朝抗衡的军事实力。如此看似矛盾的对华观,也正是江户幕府时期日本涉华行为的特征。
[Abstract]:During the Edo Shogunate period, Japan showed a very obvious contradiction to the concept of Hua: on the one hand, it looked at the Qing Dynasty, regarded the Qing Dynasty as the "Yi Di" and insisted on its position of refusing to communicate with the Qing Dynasty; on the other hand, it attached special importance to the Qing Dynasty. The Qing Dynasty was regarded as a major threat to Japan. Although Japan's Edo shogunate did not have official contacts with the Qing Dynasty, it used its Zhou neighboring diplomacy and the information channels of the Tang boat trade to collect political information such as "the chaos of the three vassals" in the Qing Dynasty and Emperor Qianlong's southern tour, while paying particular attention to collecting geographical, military and political information. Military intelligence of Qing Dynasty. The Qing Dynasty was mainly viewed from a cultural point of view. The government officials of the Edo shogunate were deeply influenced by the Confucian concept of "Hua Yi". To attach importance to the Qing Dynasty, it was from a realistic point of view. After all, Japan's national strength was relatively weak at that time. Does not have the military strength which competes with the Qing Dynasty. This seemingly contradictory view of Hua is also the characteristic of Japan's Chinese behavior during the Edo Shogunate period.
【作者单位】：山东大学外国语学院;
【基金】：山东大学自主创新基金项目(IFYT12021)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：G359.313;K313.36

【参考文献】