狄奥尼索斯秘仪情感探析

发布时间：2018-08-04 10:23

【摘要】：本文是运用情感史理论和心理学、神经学、社会学的相关知识对狄奥尼索斯秘仪中的迷狂情感进行的一项分析研究。伴随着古风和古典时期希腊人对个人精神和来世生活的重视,狄奥尼索斯凭借"出生—死亡—再生"的神话成为了人们精神世界的倾诉者和表达者。同时拥有树神、公牛神等形象的狄奥尼索斯满足了人们对本能的渴望。值得注意的是,与其他神yG相比,狄奥尼索斯因其随从的存在而更具区分度和辨识性:其随从与人类的紧密联系使得狄奥尼索斯对人类而言更具亲和力。此外,狄奥尼索斯凭借其"出生-死亡-再生"的命运和旺盛的生命力也成为了厄琉西斯秘仪和俄耳甫斯教的重要神yG。音乐、舞蹈、集体性等仪式要素在唤醒并强化人们情感的过程中起到重要的作用,而古风和古典时期希腊城邦统治的需要和城邦中女性的困境成为激发秘仪情感的深层原因。按照芭芭拉·罗森纹的情感共同体理论,这一时期的希腊城邦是一个有着情感规范和价值体系的情感共同体,在共同体中,女性按照共同的情感规范和习惯生活;按照威廉·雷迪的情感理论,情感交流的缺乏和人性自由的受限唤醒并强化了女性对"痛苦"这种情感的体验,使其在情感表达(emotive)时沉浸于情感苦难之中。在这种背景下,许多人极度渴望到达救赎的彼岸,于是狄奥尼索斯凭借其死而复活的神迹与对彼岸救赎的应许,顺理成章地成为了人们寄托生命理想的心灵归宿,而狄奥尼索斯秘仪作为一种寄托和表达情感的方式也就应运而生了。秘仪情感对宗教、个体、城邦乃至人的创造力都产生了重要的影响。情感成为宗教维系自身存在和发挥作用的基础;疯狂喜悦的出神体验满足了人们的内在需要,城邦得以利用这种情感巩固共同体和维持城邦统治;从情感对人的创造性思维的重要作用上讲,秘仪情感无疑对希腊哲学、宗教、艺术等方面的发展起到了促进作用。狄奥尼索斯秘仪中的情感作为一种特定的情感表达,其不仅与仪式要素和城邦有着千丝万缕的联系,而且也对希腊社会和宗教产生了不可磨灭的影响。对狄奥尼索斯秘仪情感的研究,为我们理解希腊城邦社会乃至整个希腊文明提供了一个有益的借鉴。
[Abstract]:Based on the theory of emotional history and the relevant knowledge of psychology, neurology and sociology, this paper is an analytical study of the mad emotion in Dionysus. With the ancient style and the Greeks' attention to the individual spirit and the afterlife life, Dionysus became the narrator and expressionist of the spiritual world by virtue of the myth of "birth, death and regeneration". Dionysus, who also has images of tree gods and bull gods, satisfies people's desire for instinct. It is worth noting that Dionysus is more discriminating and recognizable than the other gods YG because of the existence of his entourage: his close connection with man makes Dionysus more approachable to human beings. In addition, Dionysus became an important god of Urumis and Orpheus by virtue of his fate and vitality of birth, death and Regeneration. The ritual elements such as music, dance and collectivity play an important role in the process of arousing and strengthening people's emotion, while the ancient style and the need of Greek city-state rule in classical period and the plight of women in the city-state become the deep reason for arousing the secret ceremony emotion. According to Barbara Rosenprint's theory of emotional community, the Greek city-states of this period are an emotional community with emotional norms and value systems, in which women live according to the same emotional norms and habits. According to William Reddy's emotional theory, the lack of emotional communication and the limited freedom of human nature awaken and strengthen women's experience of "pain", so that they immerse themselves in emotional suffering when expressing (emotive). In this context, many people are desperate to reach the other side of redemption, so Dionysus, by virtue of his miraculous signs of resurrection and promise of redemption on the other side, naturally becomes the ideal spiritual destination for people to trust their lives. And Dionysus secret instrument as a way of sustenance and expression of emotion also came into being. Secret feelings have an important impact on religion, individuals, city-states and even human creativity. Emotion has become the basis of religion to maintain its existence and play its role, and the ecstatic experience of crazy joy satisfies the inner needs of people, and the city-state is able to use this emotion to consolidate the community and maintain the city-state rule. From the point of view of the importance of emotion to people's creative thinking, the secret emotion undoubtedly plays an important role in the development of Greek philosophy, religion, art and so on. As a special emotional expression, the emotion in Dionysus is not only closely related to ritual elements and city-states, but also has an indelible influence on Greek society and religion. The study of Dionysus' emotion provides a useful reference for us to understand the Greek city-state society and even the whole Greek civilization.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K125

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