19世纪英国中产阶级日常生活研究

发布时间：2018-08-13 21:40

【摘要】：英国中产阶级在19世纪快速崛起,在英国社会中扮演着重要的角色,不仅创造了大量的物质财富,还享受着日益丰富的物质和精神成果。不断发展壮大的中产阶级充满了自信,竭力通过衣、食、住、用和休闲娱乐等日常生活建构独特的生活方式以区别于贵族和下等阶层,增强阶级认同感。在物质生活中,他们追求丰富多样的饮食,体面时尚的衣着,隔离、舒适的住所和炫耀性的家居装饰品。物质生活得到满足以后,他们开始回归精神生活,重视休闲娱乐,追求精神上的享受。本文一共由绪论、正文和结语三部分组成。绪论部分,首先分析选题的由来,有关英国中产阶级的国内外研究状况,本文的研究意义和创新之处,而后介绍文章的主要内容和研究方法。正文第一章,首先从政治、经济、文化和消费方式等角度阐述19世纪英国的社会状况,并通过人口数量、地区分布、职业状况以及财富状况等视角证明,中产阶级已经成为英国社会的中坚力量。第二章从饮食、衣着、居住方式和家居用品等方面着手,论述中产阶级富裕而体面的物质生活。第三章分析中产阶级丰富而文雅的休闲娱乐生活,如音乐欣赏、书报阅读、旅游观光、海滨度假和各种体育运动等等。第四章从消费社会的发展、郊区的扩展、城市公共空间的建设以及民众休闲娱乐的文雅化四个方面阐述中产阶级日常生活对英国社会的影响。结语是对中产阶级日常生活的反思及其对当前中国社会的启示。中产阶级与英国社会的发展是互动的。经济的发展,尤其是工业革命的到来,催生了大量的中产阶级,而中产阶级的崛起又促进了英国经济的发展以及文化的进步,提高了社会的文明化程度。当今中国应立足国情,借鉴英国的经验,通过大力发展经济,提高中产阶级在我国总人口中的比例。同时,发挥中产阶级在经济发展、政治文明、文化教育等方面的作用,以加快全面建设现代文明社会的步伐。
[Abstract]:The British middle class rose rapidly in the 19th century and played an important role in the British society. It not only created a lot of material wealth, but also enjoyed the increasingly rich material and spiritual results. The growing middle class, full of confidence, strives to build a unique way of life through everyday life, such as clothing, food, shelter, use and leisure, to distinguish it from the aristocrats and the lower classes, and to strengthen class identity. In material life, they pursue a rich diet, decent and fashionable clothing, isolation, comfortable accommodation, and ostentatious home decorations. After material life is satisfied, they begin to return to spiritual life, attach importance to leisure and entertainment, and pursue spiritual enjoyment. This paper consists of three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. In the introduction part, the origin of the topic, the research status at home and abroad about the British middle class, the significance and innovation of this paper, and then the main contents and research methods of the article are analyzed. The first chapter of the text, from the political, economic, cultural and consumption aspects of the British social situation in the 19th century, and through the size of the population, regional distribution, occupational status and wealth, and other perspectives to prove, The middle class has become the backbone of British society. The second chapter discusses the rich and decent material life of the middle class from the aspects of diet, clothing, living style and household goods. The third chapter analyzes the rich and elegant leisure and entertainment life of the middle class, such as music appreciation, reading of books and newspapers, sightseeing, beach vacation and various sports and so on. The fourth chapter expounds the influence of middle class daily life on British society from four aspects: the development of consumer society, the expansion of suburbs, the construction of urban public space and the elegance of people's leisure and entertainment. The conclusion is a reflection on the daily life of the middle class and its enlightenment to the current Chinese society. The middle class interacts with the development of British society. The economic development, especially the arrival of the industrial revolution, gave birth to a large number of middle class, and the rise of the middle class promoted the development of British economy and the progress of culture, and improved the civilization of society. At present, China should base itself on the national conditions, draw lessons from the experience of Britain, and increase the proportion of the middle class in the total population of our country by vigorously developing the economy. At the same time, the middle class should play an important role in economic development, political civilization, culture and education, so as to speed up the construction of modern civil society.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K561.4

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