论冷战时期影响美国对华政策的中美意识形态因素（1949-1972）
发布时间：2018-08-16 18:38
【摘要】： 中美关系是当今国际关系的重要组成部分。作为世界主要大国的中国和美国,两者的关系状况深刻的影响了世界的政治、经济格局。探讨冷战时期美国对华政策及中美关系历史中的一些重要问题,有利于总结历史经验吸取历史教训,反思当代美国对华政策及中美关系的未来趋向。 从古至今的绝大部分时间里,任何一个国家的对外政策都是以本国的利益为基础,受各种因素的影响而发展变化,其中意识形态因素所占比重无足轻重。然而,在冷战时期那个特殊的年代,意识形态因素却占据了一个重要的比重,在很大程度上影响了美国制订其对华政策,是冷战时期美国对华政策中一个特殊却又不容忽视的重要因素。 本文试从宏观和微观相结合的角度出发,通过综合考察冷战时期美国对华政策的变化过程,揭示其中所存在的中美意识形态因素,以及它们在美国对华政策中所起到的作用和影响。 本文的第一部分,综合分析国内外学者对于冷战时期中美关系各个方面的研究,并在前人研究的基础上,提出了自己的看法与新的研究切入点。 第二部分,简要概述二战前(即冷战爆发前),中美两国及美国与当时的中国共产党政权的关系发展渊源,作为分析冷战时期美国对华政策的基础背景。 第三部分,重点分析在冷战时期的不同阶段,影响美国对华政策的各种意识形态因素,包括美国官方的、非官方的,以及中国共产党政权方面的。同时,分析了这些不同的意识形态因素之间的相互影响与作用。 第四部分,单独分析在中美意识形态因素中的苏联因素。冷战主要就是苏联与美国之间的“战争”,苏联因素对美国意识形态因素的影响不容忽视。至于中共方面,苏联在冷战前中期一直是自己的“老大哥”,因而它对中共意识形态因素的影响也是不言而喻的。 第五部分,通过台湾问题,分析冷战时期,中美意识形态因素在美国对华政策中所产生的具体作用和影响。 本文的结束语部分,全面概述了冷战时期不同时间段,中美意识形态因素的不同特点。在文章的最后,对于中美两国未来关系的发展,笔者提出了自己的看法和美好的愿望。
[Abstract]:The relationship between China and the United States is an important part of international relations today. As a major power in the world, China and the United States have a profound impact on the political and economic situation of the world. It is helpful to sum up the historical experience and draw lessons from the history of American policy towards China and some important issues in the history of Sino-US relations during the Cold War, and to reflect on the future trend of the contemporary American policy towards China and Sino-US relations. For most of the time since ancient times, any country's foreign policy is based on its own interests and developed and changed under the influence of various factors, in which the proportion of ideological factors is insignificant. However, in the special era of the Cold War, ideological factors occupied an important proportion, and to a large extent influenced the United States to formulate its China policy. It is a special but important factor in America's China policy during the Cold War. From the angle of combining macro and micro, this paper attempts to reveal the existing ideological factors of the United States through a comprehensive review of the changing process of the United States' China policy during the Cold War. And their role and influence in American China policy. In the first part of this paper, the author synthetically analyzes the research on various aspects of Sino-American relations during the Cold War period, and puts forward his own views and new research breakthrough points on the basis of previous studies. The second part gives a brief overview of the relationship between China and the United States before World War II (i.e. before the outbreak of the Cold War), and the relationship between the United States and the Communist Party of China at that time, as the basic background for the analysis of American policy towards China during the Cold War. The third part focuses on the analysis of the various ideological factors affecting the American policy towards China in different stages of the Cold War, including the official, unofficial, and the Chinese Communist regime. At the same time, it analyzes the mutual influence and function of these different ideological factors. In the fourth part, we analyze the Soviet factors in the ideological factors of China and the United States. The Cold War was mainly a "war" between the Soviet Union and the United States, and the influence of the Soviet factor on American ideology could not be ignored. As for the Chinese Communists, the Soviet Union was always its big brother before and in the middle of the Cold War, so its influence on the ideological factors of the Communist Party of China was also self-evident. The fifth part, through the Taiwan question, analyzes the concrete function and influence of the Chinese and American ideology factors in the American China policy during the Cold War period. In the concluding part, the author summarizes the different characteristics of Chinese and American ideological factors in different periods of the Cold War period. At the end of the article, the author puts forward his own views and good wishes for the development of the future relations between China and the United States.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K712.54
[Abstract]:The relationship between China and the United States is an important part of international relations today. As a major power in the world, China and the United States have a profound impact on the political and economic situation of the world. It is helpful to sum up the historical experience and draw lessons from the history of American policy towards China and some important issues in the history of Sino-US relations during the Cold War, and to reflect on the future trend of the contemporary American policy towards China and Sino-US relations. For most of the time since ancient times, any country's foreign policy is based on its own interests and developed and changed under the influence of various factors, in which the proportion of ideological factors is insignificant. However, in the special era of the Cold War, ideological factors occupied an important proportion, and to a large extent influenced the United States to formulate its China policy. It is a special but important factor in America's China policy during the Cold War. From the angle of combining macro and micro, this paper attempts to reveal the existing ideological factors of the United States through a comprehensive review of the changing process of the United States' China policy during the Cold War. And their role and influence in American China policy. In the first part of this paper, the author synthetically analyzes the research on various aspects of Sino-American relations during the Cold War period, and puts forward his own views and new research breakthrough points on the basis of previous studies. The second part gives a brief overview of the relationship between China and the United States before World War II (i.e. before the outbreak of the Cold War), and the relationship between the United States and the Communist Party of China at that time, as the basic background for the analysis of American policy towards China during the Cold War. The third part focuses on the analysis of the various ideological factors affecting the American policy towards China in different stages of the Cold War, including the official, unofficial, and the Chinese Communist regime. At the same time, it analyzes the mutual influence and function of these different ideological factors. In the fourth part, we analyze the Soviet factors in the ideological factors of China and the United States. The Cold War was mainly a "war" between the Soviet Union and the United States, and the influence of the Soviet factor on American ideology could not be ignored. As for the Chinese Communists, the Soviet Union was always its big brother before and in the middle of the Cold War, so its influence on the ideological factors of the Communist Party of China was also self-evident. The fifth part, through the Taiwan question, analyzes the concrete function and influence of the Chinese and American ideology factors in the American China policy during the Cold War period. In the concluding part, the author summarizes the different characteristics of Chinese and American ideological factors in different periods of the Cold War period. At the end of the article, the author puts forward his own views and good wishes for the development of the future relations between China and the United States.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K712.54
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