俄国的朝鲜移民政策研究（1860-1917）

发布时间：2018-09-09 11:47

【摘要】：1864年俄国远东地区出现了第一批朝鲜移民，此后朝鲜人由于经济、政治等原因纷纷从海路、陆路向俄国移民。俄国对朝鲜移民的政策不仅受国家发展战略的影响，更受近代国际关系的制约。1864-1917年俄国的朝鲜移民政策经历了积极鼓励——谨慎对待——遏制排斥——重新接纳四个阶段。朝鲜人向俄国移民的初期，俄国在开发远东经济的大背景下，采取了积极接纳的政策，不仅给予他们物质补助，甚至还提供军事保护。但随着俄国边境地区朝鲜移民数量的增多，俄国政府更加担心边境地区会出现“朝鲜化”现象，甚至忧虑在未来与周边国家发生战争时，，朝鲜移民会站到对立国一方，从而对俄国边境安全带来直接威胁。因此，俄国政府一方面将边境地区的朝鲜移民纷纷迁往边区内陆，另一方面通过禁止使用朝鲜劳动力、限制朝鲜移民加入俄国国籍、加强俄国居民向远东地区移民等措施，来遏制和排斥境内的朝鲜移民。然而俄国的朝鲜移民政策在东北亚各国力量此消彼长，以及世界大战爆发等国际关系因素的影响下又几经调整，俄国对朝鲜移民政策的每一次变化皆反映了俄国以国家利益为中心的现实主义特性。
[Abstract]:The first group of Korean immigrants appeared in the far East of Russia in 1864. After that, the North Koreans emigrated to Russia by sea and by land for economic, political and other reasons. Russia's policy towards Korean immigrants was influenced not only by the national development strategy, but also by the constraints of modern international relations. The Russian policy of Korean immigration in 1864-1917 experienced four stages: positive encouragement, cautious treatment, containment of exclusion and readmission. In the early period of the Korean emigration to Russia, Russia adopted the policy of positive acceptance under the background of developing the economy of the far East, not only providing them with material aid, but also providing military protection. However, with the increase in the number of Korean immigrants in Russia's border areas, the Russian government is more worried about the phenomenon of "Koreanization" in the border areas, and even worried that in future war with neighboring countries, Korean immigrants will stand on the opposite side of the country. This poses a direct threat to the security of the Russian border. Therefore, on the one hand, the Russian government has relocated Korean immigrants from the border areas to the interior of the border region; on the other hand, by prohibiting the use of Korean labor, restricting Korean immigrants from acquiring Russian nationality, and strengthening the migration of Russian residents to the far East, and so on, To deter and reject North Korean immigrants within their borders. However, Russia's North Korean immigration policy has been adjusted several times under the influence of factors such as the rise and fall of the strength of the Northeast Asian countries and the outbreak of the World War. Every change in Russia's immigration policy towards North Korea reflects Russia's national interest-centric realism.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K512.4;C92-09

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