白人到来前北美印第安人社会的疾病生态及其意义
发布时间：2018-09-18 18:46
【摘要】：在白人到来前相当长的时期内,印第安人社会疾病较少,印第安人身体相对健康。但是随着农业的发展和居住模式从游牧到定居的转变,土著社会中各种疾病开始增多,印第安人健康状况逐渐恶化。至哥伦布到来前夕,印第安人社会已经充斥着各种疾病,并非是很多学者所说的毫无疾病的"伊甸园"。白人到来前北美印第安人社会的疾病生态对白人到来之后的外来传染病入侵美洲具有重要的意义。印第安人已有的疾病削弱了土著民族的健康状况,导致外来传染病会产生更高的发病率和死亡率,大大加剧了该群体的疾病负荷。这一时期土著民族的疾病生态成为白人到来后外来传染病入侵、印第安人人口大量死亡、土著社会遭受严重打击的重要因素之一。
[Abstract]:During a long period before the arrival of whites, Indian society suffered fewer diseases and Indians were relatively healthy. However, with the development of agriculture and the change of living pattern from nomadic to settled, various diseases in indigenous society began to increase, and the health status of Indians gradually deteriorated. By the eve of Columbus, Indian society had been flooded with diseases, not the disease-free Garden of Eden, as many scholars call it. Before the arrival of white people, the disease ecology of North American Indian society was of great significance to the invasion of America by foreign infectious diseases after the arrival of white people. Existing Indian diseases have weakened the health status of indigenous peoples, led to higher morbidity and mortality from exotic infectious diseases, and contributed significantly to the disease burden of this group. During this period, the disease ecology of the indigenous peoples became one of the important factors which caused the invasion of foreign infectious diseases after the arrival of white people, the death of a large number of Indians, and the severe attack on the indigenous society.
【作者单位】： 南开大学世界近现代史研究中心;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目“传染性疾病与美国早期社会研究”(14BSS016) 教育部重点研究基地重大项目“美国历史上的社会转型研究”(16JJD770027)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：K712
，
本文编号：2248781
[Abstract]:During a long period before the arrival of whites, Indian society suffered fewer diseases and Indians were relatively healthy. However, with the development of agriculture and the change of living pattern from nomadic to settled, various diseases in indigenous society began to increase, and the health status of Indians gradually deteriorated. By the eve of Columbus, Indian society had been flooded with diseases, not the disease-free Garden of Eden, as many scholars call it. Before the arrival of white people, the disease ecology of North American Indian society was of great significance to the invasion of America by foreign infectious diseases after the arrival of white people. Existing Indian diseases have weakened the health status of indigenous peoples, led to higher morbidity and mortality from exotic infectious diseases, and contributed significantly to the disease burden of this group. During this period, the disease ecology of the indigenous peoples became one of the important factors which caused the invasion of foreign infectious diseases after the arrival of white people, the death of a large number of Indians, and the severe attack on the indigenous society.
【作者单位】： 南开大学世界近现代史研究中心;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目“传染性疾病与美国早期社会研究”(14BSS016) 教育部重点研究基地重大项目“美国历史上的社会转型研究”(16JJD770027)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：K712
，
本文编号：2248781
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