1926年英国总罢工对达勒姆矿区生活的影响

发布时间：2018-10-12 06:54

【摘要】：一战后,随着英国国外煤炭危机的发生和国内经济的衰退,英国煤炭企业经营陷入了困境,煤矿资本家为了提高煤炭市场竞争力、降低经营成本,企图对矿工采取削减工资、增加工作时间的政策,引起了矿工的极大不满。当矿工与煤矿资本家之间的矛盾被激化时,随即导致了1926年这场声势浩大、席卷全英国的总罢工。煤炭工人作为这次总罢工的中坚力量,将罢工推向了高潮。达勒姆矿区罢工作为总罢工的重要组成部分,罢工对该矿区矿工社区生活的各个方面产生了重要的影响。本文通过论述1926年英国总罢工的经过,达勒姆矿区罢工状况及其失败原因,重点分析了总罢工对达勒姆矿区生活产生的影响,主要从居民生活和社会生活两方面进行论述。全文由以下五部分组成。第一部分主要讲述了1926年英国总罢工的背景和经过。从罢工前英国国内经济状况、煤炭产业危机、罢工的爆发及其具体过程进行论述。第二部分对英国达勒姆矿区罢工及其失败的原因进行概述。主要从罢工的经过及其结果、罢工失败的原因等多方面展开论述。第三部分从总罢工对达勒姆矿区居民生活产生的影响等方面进行论述。主要从罢工前达勒姆矿区居民生活的状况和罢工对矿工及其家属的生活影响等方面进行论述。第四部分从总罢工对达勒姆矿区社会生活产生的影响展开论述。主要从总罢工对达勒姆矿区的政治、经济、文化等角度进行论述。第五部分为结论。总结英国总罢工对达勒姆矿区造成的影响及对达勒姆矿区矿工在此次罢工中失败的原因进行分析研究,以吸取经验和教训。通过英国达勒姆矿区矿工罢工事件的教训,希望对推进我国煤炭工业生产中进一步完善工会职能建设、劳资关系、矿工管理起到一定的启示作用。
[Abstract]:After World War I, with the occurrence of the foreign coal crisis and the recession of the domestic economy, the British coal enterprises were in trouble. In order to improve the competitiveness of the coal market and reduce the operating costs, the coal capitalists tried to cut the wages of the miners. The policy of increasing working hours has aroused great dissatisfaction among the miners. When the conflict between miners and coal-mining capitalists intensified, it was followed by a general strike in 1926, which swept across Britain. Coal workers as the backbone of the strike, the strike to the climax. As an important part of the general strike, the strike in Durham has had an important impact on all aspects of the life of the miners in the mining area. By discussing the process of British general strike in 1926, the situation of strike in Durham mining area and the reasons for its failure, this paper mainly analyzes the influence of general strike on the life of Durham mining area, mainly from the two aspects of residents' life and social life. The full text consists of the following five parts. The first part mainly describes the background and course of the British general strike in 1926. This paper discusses the state of the British domestic economy before the strike, the crisis of the coal industry, the outbreak of the strike and its concrete process. The second part summarizes the strike in Durham mine and the reasons for its failure. Mainly from the strike process and its results, strike failure reasons and other aspects of the discussion. The third part discusses the impact of general strike on the life of Durham mining residents. This paper mainly discusses the living conditions of the residents of Durham mining area before the strike and the impact of the strike on the life of the miners and their families. The fourth part discusses the impact of general strike on the social life of Durham mining area. The political, economic and cultural aspects of Durham mining area are mainly discussed from the general strike. The fifth part is the conclusion. This paper summarizes the influence of the British general strike on the Durham mining area and analyzes the reasons why the miners in the Durham mining area failed in the strike in order to draw experience and lessons. Through the lessons of the strike of miners in Durham mining areas in England, the author hopes that it will be helpful to further improve the function construction of trade unions, labor relations and miner management in China's coal industry.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K561

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