十九世纪英俄在伊朗的争斗研究

发布时间：2018-10-23 15:28

【摘要】：十九世纪英国和俄国先后完成工业革命,为了争夺原料产地、商品销售市场和争夺世界霸权,先后在世界各地发生激烈的冲突与摩擦。此时位于西亚的伊朗成为两国争夺的重要地区之一,俄国为了争取出海口、夺取暖水港进而称霸印度洋,夺取世界霸权而必须占领伊朗这块跳板,英国则为了保卫帝国皇冠上的明珠印度的安全并保持海上霸主地位而同俄国政策相悖,两国在伊朗的争夺分为三个阶段：联合、争斗、再联合。在第一阶段俄国通过两次俄伊战争夺取了高加索大部分地区,势力明显优于英国；第二阶段英国人加紧了对伊朗的入侵,通过赫拉特事件、英伊战争等在伊朗的影响明显加强；第三阶段两国都以经济入侵作为主要手段,分别获取了伊朗的大量经济特权：开办银行、石油开采等,后来因德国的关系,两国再次联合起来。
[Abstract]:In the 19th century, Britain and Russia successively completed the industrial revolution. In order to compete for the origin of raw materials, the market for commodities and the hegemony of the world, fierce conflicts and frictions took place in various parts of the world. At that time, Iran, located in West Asia, became one of the important areas in which the two countries competed. In order to gain access to the sea, seize warm water ports and then dominate the Indian Ocean, and seize world hegemony, Russia had to occupy the springboard of Iran. Britain, for its part, contradicts Russia's policy of defending India, the crown jewel of the empire, and maintaining its maritime supremacy. The two countries' rivalry in Iran is divided into three stages: alliance, struggle, and union. In the first stage, Russia seized most parts of the Caucasus through two Russian-Iraqi wars, and its influence was obviously superior to that of Britain. In the second stage, the British stepped up their invasion of Iran, and through the Herat incident, the Anglo-Iraqi war obviously strengthened its influence in Iran. In the third stage, the two countries used economic invasion as the main means to obtain a large number of Iran's economic privileges: the establishment of banks, oil exploration and so on. Later, because of Germany's relations, the two countries United again.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K14

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