美国NSC-68号文件研究
发布时间：2018-10-23 14:46
【摘要】：NSC-68号文件在冷战史研究中有着重要的地位,对于其在冷战中的影响,冷战史研究学者有着不同的见解,或称赞其为“冷战的蓝图”,是美国赢得冷战的重要因素,或认为文件是导致冷战升级的罪魁祸首。现阶段研究成果中对NSC-68号文件重要性的体现主要集中在影响方面,而就文件出台背景、出台过程、主要的策划者、文本内容等的研究成果并不多,因此本文试图整理文件出台的一系列环节,一方面实现对NSC-68号文件的系统整理,以期为日后相关的研究提供详细的资料;另一方面通过系统整理更加深刻地理解文件在冷战史以及在维护美国国家安全利益中的作用。 文章分为四个部分: 第一章:介绍NSC-68号文件出台的历史背景。冷战初期,美国的冷战思维是以乔治?凯南为基准的,凯南提出遏制政策,但是却并没有配合具体的措施,1949年当苏联成功进行核试验,以及社会主义阵营中增添了中国这一新成员之后,杜鲁门政府在面对巨大压力下,开始寻求符合形势需要的政策指导,NSC-68号文件应时而生。 第二章:介绍NSC-68号文件的主要策划者:保罗?尼采,以及文件出台的过程。保罗?尼采是一位具有丰富阅历的政治家,经济学家出身以及丰富的军事理论,使他拥有分析国际形势的独特眼光。NSC-68号文件是保罗?尼采对时局认识的结晶,文件一经提出之后,围绕对苏联的强硬措施以及实施这些措施所会带来的巨额军费产生了诸多争论, 1950年朝鲜战争的爆发为文件的通过提供了契机。 第三章:对NSC-68号文件从①美苏冲突实质:理念之争,②美苏对抗:意图与能力,③重中之重:军事优势,④美国的策略与抉择等四个方面对NSC-68号文件进行文本上的解读,意图在整体上把握NSC-68号文件,寻求重点,挖掘NSC-68号文件的意图。 第四章:从美国发动全面冷战和滥用武力以致陷入战争泥潭两个方面,来分析NSC-68号文件在冷战中的影响。NSC-68号文件将美国推向了全面冷战,为此美国政府在全球范围内消除苏联势力的扩张,全面遏制成为苏联最终解体的重要外因。但是全球干涉也给美国政府带来沉重压力,朝鲜战争以及越南战争都曾使得美国陷入泥潭,不能自拔。
[Abstract]:The NSC-68 document plays an important role in the study of the history of the cold war. For its influence on the history of the cold war, scholars of the history of the cold war have different views or praise it as the "blueprint of the cold war", which is an important factor for the United States to win the cold war. Or that the document was the culprit of the Cold War escalation. At present, the importance of NSC-68 document is mainly reflected in the research results. However, there are not many research results on the background, the process, the main planners, the text content and so on. Therefore, this paper tries to sort out a series of links, on the one hand, to achieve the systematic arrangement of NSC-68 documents, in order to provide detailed information for future research; On the other hand, the role of documents in the history of cold war and in safeguarding the national security interests of the United States is further understood through systematical collation. The article is divided into four parts: chapter one: introduce the historical background of NSC-68 document. In the early years of the Cold War, did the US think about the Cold War with George? Kenan proposed a containment policy, but did not cooperate with specific measures. After the Soviet Union conducted a successful nuclear test in 1949 and the new member of the socialist camp was added to China, Under intense pressure, Truman's government began seeking policy guidance tailored to the needs of the situation, and the NSC-68 document came into being. Chapter II: introduction to the NSC-68 document of the main plotters: Paul? Nietzsche, and the documentation process. Paul Nietzsche is an experienced politician, an economist, and a rich military theory that gives him a unique insight into the international situation. The crystallization of Nietzsche's understanding of the current situation, once the document was put forward, around the tough measures against the Soviet Union and the implementation of these measures will bring a huge amount of military debate, the outbreak of the Korean War in 1950 provided an opportunity for the document to pass. Chapter three: the paper interprets the NSC-68 document from four aspects: the essence of the US-Soviet conflict: the conflict of ideas, the U.S.-Soviet confrontation: intention and capability, the most important part: military superiority, and the strategy and choice of the United States. The intention is to grasp the NSC-68 document as a whole, to seek the key points, and to excavate the intention of the NSC-68 document. Chapter four: analyze the influence of NSC-68 document in the Cold War from two aspects: the United States launched the overall Cold War and the United States got into the quagmire of war as a result of excessive use of force. NSC-68 document pushed the United States to a full-scale Cold War. Therefore, the United States government eliminated the expansion of the Soviet Union in the global scope and completely contained the important external cause of the eventual disintegration of the Soviet Union. But global intervention has also put heavy pressure on the U.S. government, which was bogged down by the Korean War and the Vietnam War.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K712.54
本文编号：2289555
[Abstract]:The NSC-68 document plays an important role in the study of the history of the cold war. For its influence on the history of the cold war, scholars of the history of the cold war have different views or praise it as the "blueprint of the cold war", which is an important factor for the United States to win the cold war. Or that the document was the culprit of the Cold War escalation. At present, the importance of NSC-68 document is mainly reflected in the research results. However, there are not many research results on the background, the process, the main planners, the text content and so on. Therefore, this paper tries to sort out a series of links, on the one hand, to achieve the systematic arrangement of NSC-68 documents, in order to provide detailed information for future research; On the other hand, the role of documents in the history of cold war and in safeguarding the national security interests of the United States is further understood through systematical collation. The article is divided into four parts: chapter one: introduce the historical background of NSC-68 document. In the early years of the Cold War, did the US think about the Cold War with George? Kenan proposed a containment policy, but did not cooperate with specific measures. After the Soviet Union conducted a successful nuclear test in 1949 and the new member of the socialist camp was added to China, Under intense pressure, Truman's government began seeking policy guidance tailored to the needs of the situation, and the NSC-68 document came into being. Chapter II: introduction to the NSC-68 document of the main plotters: Paul? Nietzsche, and the documentation process. Paul Nietzsche is an experienced politician, an economist, and a rich military theory that gives him a unique insight into the international situation. The crystallization of Nietzsche's understanding of the current situation, once the document was put forward, around the tough measures against the Soviet Union and the implementation of these measures will bring a huge amount of military debate, the outbreak of the Korean War in 1950 provided an opportunity for the document to pass. Chapter three: the paper interprets the NSC-68 document from four aspects: the essence of the US-Soviet conflict: the conflict of ideas, the U.S.-Soviet confrontation: intention and capability, the most important part: military superiority, and the strategy and choice of the United States. The intention is to grasp the NSC-68 document as a whole, to seek the key points, and to excavate the intention of the NSC-68 document. Chapter four: analyze the influence of NSC-68 document in the Cold War from two aspects: the United States launched the overall Cold War and the United States got into the quagmire of war as a result of excessive use of force. NSC-68 document pushed the United States to a full-scale Cold War. Therefore, the United States government eliminated the expansion of the Soviet Union in the global scope and completely contained the important external cause of the eventual disintegration of the Soviet Union. But global intervention has also put heavy pressure on the U.S. government, which was bogged down by the Korean War and the Vietnam War.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K712.54
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