中世纪英国有关暴君暴政的理论和暴君暴政的实际

发布时间：2018-10-24 19:22

【摘要】： 本文探讨中世纪英国有关暴君暴政的理论与暴君暴政的实际;并且,作为探源,也探讨了暴君暴政概念的古典起源和在中世纪早期的发展。文章结构如下: 第一章绪论。首先介绍了选题价值。作者认为虽然国内外在中世纪英国王权、宪政研究方面已成体系,但是对暴君暴政现象的研究还欠缺集中、系统。而研究这一问题,对于深入理解英国封建王权的性质、特征具有重要意义。绪论部分也介绍了国内外对于本题目的相关研究状况和本文的资料引用情况。第二章主要论述了有关暴君暴政观念的起源和早期发展。古希腊文献作品中出现了最早的接近“暴君”的概念。柏拉图、亚里士多德、西塞罗等古典作家相继赋予了这个概念新的含义。进入中世纪后,对于“暴君”的指控权掌握在了教会的手中。教会最先要求人们服从暴君的统治。日耳曼民族统治欧洲后,教会又结合日耳曼的习俗和观念掌握了宣布某个国王为暴君的权力,保证了人们的反抗权。第三章主要介绍了中世纪英国典型的有关暴君暴政的理论。其中包括索尔兹伯里的约翰的理论及其对后世法学家的影响,以及都铎王朝时期有关暴君暴政的观念。第四章介绍了暴君暴政在中世纪英国的实际表现,包括基本特征、残暴行径、与教会的冲突等等。第五章是结语,总结了本文的基本论点:虽然中世纪英国的宪政主义相对于东方封建王朝来说发达,但这并不能掩盖封建王朝下英国君主与东方君主相似的暴君暴政行径。国王作为封建社会的主要象征之一,制度在赋予他们权力的同时也带给了他们不可避免的缺陷。
[Abstract]:This paper probes into the theory of tyrant tyranny in medieval England and the practice of tyrant tyranny, and, as a source of exploration, also discusses the classical origin of the concept of tyrant tyranny and its development in the early Middle Ages. The structure of the article is as follows: the first chapter is introduction. First of all, the value of topic selection is introduced. The author thinks that although there has been a systematic study on the constitutional government of Wang Quan in medieval England at home and abroad, the research on the phenomenon of tyrant tyranny is still lacking in concentration and systematicness. The study of this issue is of great significance to the understanding of the nature and characteristics of feudal Wang Quan in England. The introduction also introduces the domestic and foreign research on this topic and the citation of this paper. The second chapter mainly discusses the origin and early development of the concept of tyrant tyranny. The earliest concept of "tyrant" appeared in ancient Greek literature. Plato, Aristotle, Cicero and other classical writers have given this concept a new meaning. After entering the Middle Ages, the charge against the tyrant was in the hands of the church. The church was the first to demand obedience to the rule of a tyrant. After the Germanic nation ruled Europe, the church controlled the power of declaring a king as a tyrant and guaranteed people's right of revolt in combination with Germanic customs and ideas. The third chapter mainly introduces the theory of tyrant tyranny in medieval England. It includes the theory of John of Salisbury and its influence on the jurists of later generations, as well as the concept of tyrant and tyranny during the Tudor dynasty. The fourth chapter introduces the actual performance of tyrant tyranny in medieval England, including the basic characteristics, cruelty, conflict with the church and so on. The fifth chapter is the conclusion, which summarizes the basic argument of this paper: although the constitutionalism of medieval England is more developed than that of the Eastern feudal Dynasty, it can not cover up the tyrant tyranny of the British monarch and the eastern monarch under the feudal dynasty. King as one of the main symbols of feudal society, the system gave them power, but also brought them inevitable defects.
【学位授予单位】：首都师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K561.3

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