近代早期英国高利贷观念的转变
发布时间：2018-11-04 18:09
【摘要】： 西欧中世纪的经济在很大程度上受到教会伦理的束缚,天主教教会伦理对经济设置了种种限制,从某种程度上说经济生活在教会的控制之下,随着商业的发展,与教会伦理紧密相关的经济伦理开始发生变化,人们对教会的种种限制越来越反感,纷纷突破伦理限制追求经济利益。面对这一新形势,教会内部爆发了激烈的冲突。在冲突中,首当其冲的是高利贷。中古教会内部的高利贷之争通常被认为是资本主义诞生前的阵痛。宗教改革从某种程度上成为这种经济伦理转变的一个契机和转折点。 在西欧,路德首举宗教改革大旗,提出了因信称义等一些列的新教教理。对于高利贷,路德并未做出妥协,仍然坚持传统观点。但是路德对高利贷观念的转变起到了间接的作用。继路德之后的加尔文对于高利贷的诠释成为高利贷观念改变的转折点。在高利贷观念转变方面起到了里程碑的作用。在英国,初期的新教在高利贷观念并不完全认同加尔文,但是清教自身具备与经济获利气味相投的个人主义,经济个人主义与当时英国经济形势变化促使英国高利贷观念发生了重大转变。世俗立法对高利贷的规定使高利贷概念发生了根本性的变化,完成了由传统到现在的转变。高利贷的变化,在一定程度上反映了转型时期英国经济伦理的转变。经济伦理领域的变动,为英国商业文明准备好了道路,这种文明也为后来英国成为强国铺平了道路。本文试图通过宗教改革并结合英国的清教革命来论述近代早期英国高利贷观念的转变历程。
[Abstract]:The economy of the Middle Ages in Western Europe was largely constrained by the ethics of the Church. The Catholic Church Ethics imposed various restrictions on the economy. To some extent, the economic life was under the control of the Church, and with the development of commerce, Economic ethics closely related to ecclesiastical ethics began to change. People became more and more disgusted with the restrictions of the church and pursued economic benefits one after another. In the face of this new situation, a fierce conflict broke out within the church. The first to bear the brunt of the conflict was usury. The struggle for usury within the medieval church was often regarded as a pain before capitalism was born. To a certain extent, religious reform has become an opportunity and turning point for this kind of economic ethics transformation. In Western Europe, Luther first raised the banner of religious reform, and put forward some Protestant doctrines, such as the justification of faith. Luther did not compromise on usury, and still stuck to the traditional view. But Luther played an indirect role in changing the concept of usury. Calvin's interpretation of usury after Luther became a turning point in the change of usury. In the concept of usury has played a milestone in the transformation of the role. In Britain, the early Protestants did not fully agree with Calvin on usury, but the Puritans themselves had individualism similar to the smell of economic gain. Economic individualism and changes in the British economic situation at that time led to a major change in the concept of usury. The secular legislation on usury changed the concept of usury fundamentally and changed from tradition to present. The change of usury reflects, to some extent, the transformation of British economic ethics during the transitional period. The changes in the field of economic ethics prepared the way for British business civilization, which paved the way for Britain to become a powerful nation. This paper attempts to discuss the transformation of usury in the early modern times through religious reform and the Puritan Revolution in England.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：K561.4
本文编号：2310725
[Abstract]:The economy of the Middle Ages in Western Europe was largely constrained by the ethics of the Church. The Catholic Church Ethics imposed various restrictions on the economy. To some extent, the economic life was under the control of the Church, and with the development of commerce, Economic ethics closely related to ecclesiastical ethics began to change. People became more and more disgusted with the restrictions of the church and pursued economic benefits one after another. In the face of this new situation, a fierce conflict broke out within the church. The first to bear the brunt of the conflict was usury. The struggle for usury within the medieval church was often regarded as a pain before capitalism was born. To a certain extent, religious reform has become an opportunity and turning point for this kind of economic ethics transformation. In Western Europe, Luther first raised the banner of religious reform, and put forward some Protestant doctrines, such as the justification of faith. Luther did not compromise on usury, and still stuck to the traditional view. But Luther played an indirect role in changing the concept of usury. Calvin's interpretation of usury after Luther became a turning point in the change of usury. In the concept of usury has played a milestone in the transformation of the role. In Britain, the early Protestants did not fully agree with Calvin on usury, but the Puritans themselves had individualism similar to the smell of economic gain. Economic individualism and changes in the British economic situation at that time led to a major change in the concept of usury. The secular legislation on usury changed the concept of usury fundamentally and changed from tradition to present. The change of usury reflects, to some extent, the transformation of British economic ethics during the transitional period. The changes in the field of economic ethics prepared the way for British business civilization, which paved the way for Britain to become a powerful nation. This paper attempts to discuss the transformation of usury in the early modern times through religious reform and the Puritan Revolution in England.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：K561.4
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 赵立行;论中世纪高利贷禁令及其社会基础[J];历史教学;2001年10期
，本文编号：2310725
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