戴高乐欧洲联合思想对法国欧洲政策的影响

发布时间：2018-12-16 15:49

【摘要】： 二战后,遭受战争摧残的法国不可避免的沦为二流国家。重新执掌法国的戴高乐将军以恢复法国的大国地位为天职,推动国内经济发展,维护社会稳定的同时,积极调整对欧政策,推动欧洲联合发展,期望以此带动法国经济的发展,并以此提高法国的国际地位,而在这一方面政策的实施也就成为戴高乐欧洲联合思想的主旨。概括而言:戴高乐的欧洲联合思想大体上包括四个方面的内容:一是,以推进欧洲联合发展的方式提升法国的大国地位,最大限度维护法国利益;二是,主张在法德和解的基础上,推动以法德为轴心的欧洲联合;三是,秉承积极推进并加入欧洲经济一体化,但并不“融入”的政策,反对国家主权的转让;四是,主张法国领导下的从大西洋到乌拉尔山的大欧洲的联合。正是基于上述四点,戴高乐开始把世界的目光开始吸引到法国的身上,以此致力于法国国际地位的提高与发言权的取得。事实证明,戴高乐的欧洲政策,在一定程度上讲,是成功的,影响也是巨大而又深远的,因为戴高乐所制定的法国对欧政策并不仅仅是自己“一厢情愿”的产物,而是代表了当时大部分法国人的一个梦想,即,恢复法国以往的荣耀,谋求法国以往的大国地位。由此,我们可以看到戴高乐的对欧政策并不仅仅特定时期的产物,而是深植于大部分法国民众心中的梦想,以此也就可以解释戴高乐以后法国历任总统—蓬皮杜、德斯坦、密特朗以及希拉克等--为何在不同程度上都坚持戴高乐的欧洲政策不动摇,即使出现某些具体内容的些微不同,但最终还是殊途同归。
[Abstract]:After World War II, France, devastated by the war, inevitably became a second-class country. General Charles de Gaulle, who has returned to power in France, takes the restoration of France's status as a major power as his natural duty to promote domestic economic development and maintain social stability, and at the same time actively readjust his policies towards Europe and promote the joint development of Europe, in the hope that this will lead to the development of the French economy. In order to enhance France's international status, the implementation of this policy has become the main theme of de Gaulle's European Union. To sum up: Charles de Gaulle's idea of European Union includes four aspects: first, to promote the status of France as a great country in the way of promoting the joint development of Europe, and to safeguard the interests of France to the maximum extent; On the basis of Franco-German reconciliation, we advocate to promote the Franco-German European Union with France and Germany as the axis, and third, to actively promote and join the European economic integration policy, but not to "integrate", and oppose the transfer of national sovereignty. Fourth, advocated the French-led alliance from the Atlantic to the greater Europe of the Ural Mountains. It is based on the above four points that de Gaulle began to attract the world's attention to France in order to improve its international status and gain a voice. Facts have proved that de Gaulle's European policy, to a certain extent, has been successful, and the impact has been enormous and far-reaching, because de Gaulle's policy towards Europe is not just a product of his own "wishful thinking". It represents a dream of most French people at that time, that is, to restore the glory of France and to seek its former status as a great power. Thus, we can see that de Gaulle's European policy is not only the product of a specific period, but also a dream deeply rooted in the hearts of the majority of the French people, thus explaining the French presidents Pompidou D'Estaing after de Gaulle. Mitterrand, Chirac and so on-why, to varying degrees, de Gaulle's European policy remains the same, even if there are some slight differences in content.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K565;D856.5

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