20世纪五六十年代联邦德国的美国政策研究

发布时间：2018-12-16 19:57

【摘要】：第二次世界大战后,联邦德国作为战败国,由四大国分区占领脱胎而建立。这次亡国给了德国人惨痛的教训,因此,联邦德国抛弃了传统的以武力扩张为显著特征的外交政策,转而接受了美国式的"民主和自由"观念,在价值观念和意识形态领域与美国趋同。其外交政策在建国初期追随、依靠美国,20世纪50年代迅速恢复经济并且进入发展的"黄金50年代",成为世界工业产值第二位的资本主义强国。第二次柏林危机后"柏林墙"建立,美国的反应使阿登纳对于依靠美国完成统一事业的希望破灭。加之60年代德美在防务开支分担、对外贸易方面矛盾冲突加剧。联邦德国的美国政策逐步走向同美国分道扬镳的道路。联邦德国的美国政策的演化反应了经济实力增强的联邦德国外交上逐步摆脱美国、自主性增强的趋势。
[Abstract]:After World War II, the Federal Republic of Germany, as a defeated country, was founded by the four major powers. The defeat taught the Germans a bitter lesson, so that the Federal Republic abandoned its traditional foreign policy, marked by the expansion of force, and accepted the American-style concept of "democracy and freedom". Converge with the United States in the field of values and ideologies. Its foreign policy followed in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, relying on the United States, which rapidly restored its economy and entered the "golden 1950s" of development in the 1950s, and became the second capitalist power in the world in terms of industrial output. The establishment of the Berlin Wall after the second Berlin crisis dashed Adenauer's hopes of relying on the United States for reunification. In addition, Germany and the United States in the 60 s defense expenditure sharing, foreign trade conflicts intensified. The United States policy of the Federal Republic of Germany has gradually gone separate from the United States. The evolution of the United States policy of the Federal Republic of Germany reflects the trend that the economic strength of the Federal Republic of Germany is gradually getting rid of the United States and increasing its autonomy.
【作者单位】：武汉大学历史学院;《武汉大学学报(人文科学版)》;
【分类号】：K516

【相似文献】