俄国犹太人问题研究（18世纪-20世纪初）
发布时间：2018-12-17 14:31
【摘要】： 犹太人在俄国一直是比较特殊的群体,他们在宗教信仰、生活方式、教育体制及社团内部的自治传统等方面都与俄罗斯人大不相同,格格不入。不过犹太人又具有十分先进的经济观念,往往会为俄国经济发展带来很大好处。从18世纪开始俄国每届沙皇政府都对犹太人制定了不尽相同的政策,按照时间顺序,这些政策有驱逐、利用、宗教同化、文化同化、解放以及限制。从19世纪80年代开始,俄国反犹主义情绪高涨,接连发生了大规模的暴力反犹浪潮,迫使俄国未同化的犹太人和已同化了的犹太人进行反思。他们开始寻找出路。俄国犹太人最后确定了三条道路:一是移民美国,二是移民巴勒斯坦而实现复国,三是在俄国推翻沙皇专制制度建立公平、正义的社会主义国家,以争取犹太人的平等权利。这三条道路俄国犹太人都尝试了,惟有第三条道路行不通,其中的原因,值得我们深思。 本文以时间为序分六个部分来研究俄国犹太人问题。 第一部分,犹太人在俄国的起源。 第二部分,18世纪到19世纪上半叶沙皇政府对犹太人政策的演变。 第三部分,俄国大改革时代的犹太人政策。 第四部分,亚历山大三世与尼古拉二世时期对犹太人的政策和暴力反犹浪潮。 第五部分,俄国犹太人寻找出路。 第六部分,结论。
[Abstract]:Jews have always been a special group in Russia. They are different from the Russian people's Congress in religious belief, way of life, educational system and the tradition of autonomy within the community. But Jews also have very advanced economic concepts, often bring great benefits to the Russian economy. Since the 18th century, every tsar government in Russia has made different policies for Jews. In chronological order, these policies include expulsion, utilization, religious assimilation, cultural assimilation, liberation, and restriction. Since the 1880s, the anti-Semitism sentiment in Russia has been rising, and a large-scale wave of violence and anti-Semitism has occurred in succession, forcing the Russian unassimilated Jews and the assimilated Jews to reflect on it. They began to look for a way out. Russian Jews finally decided on three ways: one is to emigrate to the United States, the other is to emigrate to Palestine to achieve national restoration; third, to establish a fair and just socialist country in Russia to overthrow the czarist autocratic system, in order to strive for the equal rights of Jews. All three paths were tried by Russian Jews, but the third one was not feasible, for reasons worth pondering. In this paper, time is divided into six parts to study the Russian Jewish problem. The first part, the origin of the Jews in Russia. The second part, the evolution of the policy of the tsar government towards the Jews from the 18 th century to the first half of the 19 th century. The third part is the Jewish policy of the Russian Great Reformation. The fourth part, Alexander III and Nicholas II period to the Jewish policy and the violent anti-Semitic wave. The fifth part, the Russian Jews to find a way out. The sixth part, conclusion.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：K512.44
本文编号：2384326
[Abstract]:Jews have always been a special group in Russia. They are different from the Russian people's Congress in religious belief, way of life, educational system and the tradition of autonomy within the community. But Jews also have very advanced economic concepts, often bring great benefits to the Russian economy. Since the 18th century, every tsar government in Russia has made different policies for Jews. In chronological order, these policies include expulsion, utilization, religious assimilation, cultural assimilation, liberation, and restriction. Since the 1880s, the anti-Semitism sentiment in Russia has been rising, and a large-scale wave of violence and anti-Semitism has occurred in succession, forcing the Russian unassimilated Jews and the assimilated Jews to reflect on it. They began to look for a way out. Russian Jews finally decided on three ways: one is to emigrate to the United States, the other is to emigrate to Palestine to achieve national restoration; third, to establish a fair and just socialist country in Russia to overthrow the czarist autocratic system, in order to strive for the equal rights of Jews. All three paths were tried by Russian Jews, but the third one was not feasible, for reasons worth pondering. In this paper, time is divided into six parts to study the Russian Jewish problem. The first part, the origin of the Jews in Russia. The second part, the evolution of the policy of the tsar government towards the Jews from the 18 th century to the first half of the 19 th century. The third part is the Jewish policy of the Russian Great Reformation. The fourth part, Alexander III and Nicholas II period to the Jewish policy and the violent anti-Semitic wave. The fifth part, the Russian Jews to find a way out. The sixth part, conclusion.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：K512.44
【引证文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 汤洵;;哈尔滨俄裔犹太人族群的形成[J];学术交流;2011年12期
，本文编号：2384326
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/shekelunwen/xifanglishiwenhua/2384326.html
最近更新
教材专著
