二十世纪六十至七十年代美国和平队研究
发布时间：2019-01-02 10:40
【摘要】：20世纪50年代中期以来,由于欧洲局势的相对稳定和新兴国家地位的日益重要,第三世界成为美苏争霸的重要内容之一。60年代初,肯尼迪当选美国总统后对美国的外交政策作出了部分调整,在对第三世界的争夺中,更强调经济援助等非军事手段,在此背景下“和平队”应运而生。它是美国政府创建的,以美国青年为主体,以发展中国家为对象,通过向当地老百姓进行面对面、手把手的技术援助服务,帮助他们提高教育水平、促进农业、医疗保健及社区的发展进步,提高草根阶层的生活条件的志愿者援助组织。 本论文对这一问题的论述,是分四部分来进行的。 第一章,回顾了美国对第三世界国家的援助政策。通过对二战后初期至60年代末美国对第三世界援助政策的回顾,揭示出肯尼迪关于和平队的构想并不是其首创的,而是战后至六十年代美国一系列对外援助政策的延续,是对战后美国对外援助工作反思的结果,当然这也为美国对外援助注入了新的内容。 第二章,阐述了美国和平队的创建过程。主要包括1961—1968年和平队创立的动因、创建的过程以及在第三世界国家的活动情况。通过对和平队创立的动因、创建的过程、在第三世界国家活动情况的描述和分析,揭示和平队的内涵及其在美国对外政策中的作用。 第三章,论述了美国政府对和平队的政策调整。1969—1974年是和平队自成立以来其发展相对困难的时期,美国政府对和平队作出政策调整。本章试图从尼克松政府对和平队政策调整的动因、调整的内容出发,进一步揭示和平队命运盛衰是随着冷战的发展和美国政府的更迭而跌宕起伏的,但其适应美国对外政策需要,服务于美国国家利益的宗旨是不变的。 第四章,论述了美国和平队的影响。就其整个发展历程而言,和平队不仅对发展中国家社会、经济和发展起到了一定的推动作用,亦对美国社会带来了深刻的变化。
[Abstract]:Since the mid-1950s, due to the relative stability of the situation in Europe and the growing importance of the status of emerging countries, the third World has become one of the important contents of the struggle for hegemony between the United States and the Soviet Union. After Kennedy was elected President of the United States, he made some adjustments to the foreign policy of the United States. In the contention for the third World, he emphasized non-military means such as economic aid. Under this background, the "Peace Corps" emerged as the times require. It was created by the US government to help the young people of the United States improve their educational level and promote agriculture by providing face-to-face, hand-held technical assistance services to local people, especially in developing countries. Health care and community development progress, improve grassroots living conditions of volunteer aid organizations. This paper discusses this problem, is divided into four parts to carry on. The first chapter reviews the aid policy of the United States to the third world countries. By reviewing the aid policy of the United States to the third World War from the beginning of the second World War to the end of the 1960s, it is revealed that Kennedy's conception of the Peace Corps was not its first, but a continuation of a series of foreign aid policies of the United States from the post-war to the sixties. It is the result of introspection on American foreign aid work after the war, which has also injected new contents into American foreign aid. The second chapter, elaborated the American Peace Corps establishment process. It mainly includes the reasons for the Peace Corps's creation, the process of its creation, and its activities in the third World countries. Through the description and analysis of the motivation, process and activities of the Peace Corps in the third World countries, the connotation of the Peace Corps and its role in American foreign policy are revealed. The third chapter discusses the policy adjustment of the United States government to the Peace Corps. 1969-1974 was a relatively difficult period for the Peace Corps to develop since its establishment, and the United States Government made a policy adjustment to the Peace Corps. This chapter tries to further reveal that the fate of the Peace Corps rose and fell with the development of the Cold War and the change of American government from the perspective of the reasons and contents of the Nixon Administration's policy adjustment to the Peace Corps. However, its purpose of serving the national interests of the United States is unchanged in accordance with the needs of American foreign policy. Chapter four discusses the influence of American Peace Corps. As far as its whole development is concerned, the Peace Corps not only promotes the society, economy and development of developing countries, but also brings profound changes to American society.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K712.54
本文编号：2398390
[Abstract]:Since the mid-1950s, due to the relative stability of the situation in Europe and the growing importance of the status of emerging countries, the third World has become one of the important contents of the struggle for hegemony between the United States and the Soviet Union. After Kennedy was elected President of the United States, he made some adjustments to the foreign policy of the United States. In the contention for the third World, he emphasized non-military means such as economic aid. Under this background, the "Peace Corps" emerged as the times require. It was created by the US government to help the young people of the United States improve their educational level and promote agriculture by providing face-to-face, hand-held technical assistance services to local people, especially in developing countries. Health care and community development progress, improve grassroots living conditions of volunteer aid organizations. This paper discusses this problem, is divided into four parts to carry on. The first chapter reviews the aid policy of the United States to the third world countries. By reviewing the aid policy of the United States to the third World War from the beginning of the second World War to the end of the 1960s, it is revealed that Kennedy's conception of the Peace Corps was not its first, but a continuation of a series of foreign aid policies of the United States from the post-war to the sixties. It is the result of introspection on American foreign aid work after the war, which has also injected new contents into American foreign aid. The second chapter, elaborated the American Peace Corps establishment process. It mainly includes the reasons for the Peace Corps's creation, the process of its creation, and its activities in the third World countries. Through the description and analysis of the motivation, process and activities of the Peace Corps in the third World countries, the connotation of the Peace Corps and its role in American foreign policy are revealed. The third chapter discusses the policy adjustment of the United States government to the Peace Corps. 1969-1974 was a relatively difficult period for the Peace Corps to develop since its establishment, and the United States Government made a policy adjustment to the Peace Corps. This chapter tries to further reveal that the fate of the Peace Corps rose and fell with the development of the Cold War and the change of American government from the perspective of the reasons and contents of the Nixon Administration's policy adjustment to the Peace Corps. However, its purpose of serving the national interests of the United States is unchanged in accordance with the needs of American foreign policy. Chapter four discusses the influence of American Peace Corps. As far as its whole development is concerned, the Peace Corps not only promotes the society, economy and development of developing countries, but also brings profound changes to American society.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K712.54
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