试析肯尼迪时期美国对外援助政策的制度化
发布时间：2019-02-13 06:28
【摘要】：20世纪50年代中后期起,美国对外援助陷入两难境地:一方面,迫于与苏联争夺第三世界的压力,需要大量增加对发展中国家的经济援助;另一方面,美国国内经济下滑,国际收支平衡危机频仍,面对国内尤其是国会的反对,无法获得太多的援助拨款。针对这一状况,肯尼迪政府调整其对外援助政策:一方面将援助类型从以军事援助为主转变为以经济援助为主,确立了经济援助,特别是发展援助的主体地位;另一方面提出援助负担分担政策,要求西欧及日本等盟国分担援助负担。这些调整使得美国对外援助政策开始走向制度化,并为以后美国政府以及国际援助体系的对外援助政策确立了基本框架和行动指南。
[Abstract]:Since the middle and late 1950s, American foreign aid has been in a dilemma: on the one hand, it needs to increase its economic aid to developing countries because of the pressure from the Soviet Union to compete for the third world; On the other hand, the United States domestic economic downturn, the balance of payments crisis, faced with domestic, especially in the face of opposition in Congress, can not get too much aid allocation. In view of this situation, the Kennedy administration adjusted its foreign aid policy: on the one hand, it changed the type of aid from military aid to economic aid, and established the dominant position of economic aid, especially development aid; On the other hand, the aid burden-sharing policy was put forward, requiring western European and Japanese allies to share the aid burden. These adjustments began to institutionalize the foreign aid policy of the United States and established the basic framework and operational guidelines for the subsequent foreign aid policy of the United States government and the international aid system.
【作者单位】： 深圳大学国际化发展战略研究中心;
【基金】：广东省哲学社会科学“十一五”规划后期资助项目(09HI-04) 深圳大学人文社会科学青年基金项目(XQ0837)
【分类号】：K712.54
[Abstract]:Since the middle and late 1950s, American foreign aid has been in a dilemma: on the one hand, it needs to increase its economic aid to developing countries because of the pressure from the Soviet Union to compete for the third world; On the other hand, the United States domestic economic downturn, the balance of payments crisis, faced with domestic, especially in the face of opposition in Congress, can not get too much aid allocation. In view of this situation, the Kennedy administration adjusted its foreign aid policy: on the one hand, it changed the type of aid from military aid to economic aid, and established the dominant position of economic aid, especially development aid; On the other hand, the aid burden-sharing policy was put forward, requiring western European and Japanese allies to share the aid burden. These adjustments began to institutionalize the foreign aid policy of the United States and established the basic framework and operational guidelines for the subsequent foreign aid policy of the United States government and the international aid system.
【作者单位】： 深圳大学国际化发展战略研究中心;
【基金】：广东省哲学社会科学“十一五”规划后期资助项目(09HI-04) 深圳大学人文社会科学青年基金项目(XQ0837)
【分类号】：K712.54
【参考文献】
相关博士学位论文 前2条
1 侯明;冷战时期美国的对外援助政策（1947-1972）[D];东北师范大学;2011年
2 齐秀丽;冷战与美国的国际收支调节政策（1945-1969）[D];东北师范大学;2008年
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 孙艳姝;试析肯尼迪政府的对外援助政策[D];东北师范大学;2004年
【共引文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 张乃根;;论国际法在国际秩序中的作用[J];北方法学;2010年03期
2 杨耕;;战略性对抗的中日互惠关系分析[J];北华大学学报(社会科学版);2010年03期
3 王亚宁;;论我国边境安全战略的特点[J];边疆经济与文化;2009年08期
4 郭兵云;卓旭春;;当代中国四种国家身份的关系[J];宝鸡文理学院学报(社会科学版);2008年04期
5 孔凡伟;;经互会与欧盟的不同命运及其经济根源[J];滨州职业学院学报;2004年03期
6 黄真;陈岳;;中国合作性外交及其目的分析——一个历史的视角[J];长江论坛;2009年01期
7 李U，
本文编号：2421276
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/shekelunwen/xifanglishiwenhua/2421276.html
最近更新
教材专著
