鹿鸣馆时代的欧化风潮
发布时间：2019-02-13 04:48
【摘要】： 明治政府建立之初,宣布要“求知识于世界”,表明了向西方资本主义强国学习的意向,并将“文明开化”定为三大基本国策之一加以推行。在向西方学习的过程中,明治初年的“文明开化”在鹿鸣馆时代(1883-1887)达至顶峰。鹿鸣馆时代,又称欧化时代,是井上馨外相推行“鹿鸣馆外交”的产物。井上馨认为,要实现修改不平等条约,就必须使日本先成为“欧化新帝国”,并以此为出发点推行积极的欧化政策。这一欧化政策在伊藤博文首相的大力支持下,愈演愈烈,从而日本举国上下掀起了欧化的时代风潮。 国内虽有关于鹿鸣馆时代欧化风潮的研究论述,但并不多见,多为涉及到这一问题的零散研究。而且,这些零散的研究也多是集中于批判其为庸俗的欧化,忽略其积极性的一面。本论文通过充分挖掘原始文献资料,对此问题展开了较为详细的研究,并探寻了鹿鸣馆时代欧化所存在的积极意义。 本文主要分为三个部分展开论述。第一部分简单介绍鹿鸣馆时代欧化风潮展开的历史背景,即明治初年的文明开化和“鹿鸣馆外交”;第二部分重点论述了鹿鸣馆时代欧化风潮的表现,即在井上馨、伊藤博文的欧化政策推动下,日本举国上下的欧化风潮概况,并分析了社会生活中涌现的各种改良论等。根据客观的历史资料进行推断,可以认为这一风潮具有“政府主导型”和“全盘欧化型”的特点;第三部分论述了鹿鸣馆时代欧化风潮的式微和影响。随着“鹿鸣馆外交”的失败以及明治20年代平民主义和国粹主义的登场,鹿鸣馆时期的欧化风潮渐渐式微。这一时期的欧化风潮在开启民智、促进社会文化发展及修改不平等条约方面起到了一定的积极作用,它并非一无是处。
[Abstract]:At the beginning of the Meiji government's establishment, it announced that it wanted to "seek knowledge in the world", which indicated the intention of learning from the western capitalist powers, and made "civilization and civilization" one of the three basic state policies to be carried out. In the course of learning from the West, the civilisation of the early Meiji period reached its peak in the age of Luming House (1883-1887). The era of Luming Hall, also known as Europeanization era, is the result of Foreign Minister Inoue's implementation of "Luming Guandian diplomacy". Inoue believes that in order to amend the unequal treaties, Japan must first become a "new Europeanization empire" and take this as a starting point to carry out an active Europeanization policy. With the strong support of Prime Minister Ito, the Europeanization policy became more and more intense, which caused a trend of Europeanization in Japan. Although there are some researches on the Europeanization trend in the period of Luming Guanzhou, there are few studies, most of which are scattered researches concerning this issue. Moreover, these scattered studies focus on criticizing the Europeanization of vulgarity and neglecting its positivity. By fully excavating the original literature, this paper makes a detailed study of this problem and explores the positive significance of Europeanization in the era of Luming Hall. This paper is divided into three parts. The first part briefly introduces the historical background of the Europeanization trend in the period of Luming Hall, that is, the civilization in the early years of Meiji and "the diplomacy of the Luming Hall". The second part focuses on the performance of the Europeanization trend in the period of Luming Hall, that is, the Europeanization tide of Japan promoted by Inoue Shangxin and Ito Bowen, and the analysis of all kinds of improvement theories emerging in the social life and so on. According to the objective historical data, it can be concluded that this trend has the characteristics of "government leading" and "overall Europeanization". The third part discusses the decline and influence of the Europeanization trend in the period of Luming Guanzhou. With the failure of "Luyingguan diplomacy" and the emergence of populism and populism in the Meiji's 1920s, the Europeanization trend gradually declined. The trend of Europeanization in this period played a positive role in opening up people's wisdom, promoting social and cultural development and revising unequal treaties.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K313.4
本文编号：2421194
[Abstract]:At the beginning of the Meiji government's establishment, it announced that it wanted to "seek knowledge in the world", which indicated the intention of learning from the western capitalist powers, and made "civilization and civilization" one of the three basic state policies to be carried out. In the course of learning from the West, the civilisation of the early Meiji period reached its peak in the age of Luming House (1883-1887). The era of Luming Hall, also known as Europeanization era, is the result of Foreign Minister Inoue's implementation of "Luming Guandian diplomacy". Inoue believes that in order to amend the unequal treaties, Japan must first become a "new Europeanization empire" and take this as a starting point to carry out an active Europeanization policy. With the strong support of Prime Minister Ito, the Europeanization policy became more and more intense, which caused a trend of Europeanization in Japan. Although there are some researches on the Europeanization trend in the period of Luming Guanzhou, there are few studies, most of which are scattered researches concerning this issue. Moreover, these scattered studies focus on criticizing the Europeanization of vulgarity and neglecting its positivity. By fully excavating the original literature, this paper makes a detailed study of this problem and explores the positive significance of Europeanization in the era of Luming Hall. This paper is divided into three parts. The first part briefly introduces the historical background of the Europeanization trend in the period of Luming Hall, that is, the civilization in the early years of Meiji and "the diplomacy of the Luming Hall". The second part focuses on the performance of the Europeanization trend in the period of Luming Hall, that is, the Europeanization tide of Japan promoted by Inoue Shangxin and Ito Bowen, and the analysis of all kinds of improvement theories emerging in the social life and so on. According to the objective historical data, it can be concluded that this trend has the characteristics of "government leading" and "overall Europeanization". The third part discusses the decline and influence of the Europeanization trend in the period of Luming Guanzhou. With the failure of "Luyingguan diplomacy" and the emergence of populism and populism in the Meiji's 1920s, the Europeanization trend gradually declined. The trend of Europeanization in this period played a positive role in opening up people's wisdom, promoting social and cultural development and revising unequal treaties.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K313.4
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 申健;论日本明治初期的“文明开化”——以十九世纪七八十年代为中心[J];史学月刊;1988年06期
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