1916年《国家公园局组织法》与美国国家公园管理的体制化
发布时间：2019-03-03 08:58
【摘要】：19世纪末20世纪初,一系列国家公园不断建立的同时,美国内政部主导下的国家公园管理面临诸多问题与挑战。在此背景下,美国一些民间保护主义者、联邦政府官员等有识之士开始认识到,必须设立专门行政机构来改进国家公园管理模式。于是,在他们的推动下,国会于1916年通过了《国家公园局组织法》。该法宣告了专门服务于国家公园管理的联邦政府机构——国家公园局的诞生,确立了美国国家公园管理的使命和基本原则,为国家公园体系化发展和全国性管理政策的形成奠定了法律基础,标志着美国国家公园管理体制的初步确立。
[Abstract]:At the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, a series of national parks were set up. At the same time, the management of the national parks under the guidance of the Department of the Interior faced many problems and challenges. In this context, some American conservationists, federal officials and other insightful people are beginning to realize that special administrative agencies must be set up to improve the national park management model. So, with their push, Congress passed the Organic Law of the National Parks Authority in 1916. The Act proclaimed the birth of the National Park Service, a federal government agency dedicated to the management of national parks, and established the mission and basic principles of national park management in the United States. It lays a legal foundation for the systematic development of national parks and the formation of national management policy, which marks the initial establishment of the national park management system in the United States.
【作者单位】： 长春师范大学历史文化学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“美国公共价值观悖论研究”(15JJD770006) 吉林省教育厅“十三五”社会科学研究项目“美国国家公园的创建与管理制度的历史考察”(吉教科文合字[2016]第392号)
【分类号】：K712.51
本文编号：2433559
[Abstract]:At the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, a series of national parks were set up. At the same time, the management of the national parks under the guidance of the Department of the Interior faced many problems and challenges. In this context, some American conservationists, federal officials and other insightful people are beginning to realize that special administrative agencies must be set up to improve the national park management model. So, with their push, Congress passed the Organic Law of the National Parks Authority in 1916. The Act proclaimed the birth of the National Park Service, a federal government agency dedicated to the management of national parks, and established the mission and basic principles of national park management in the United States. It lays a legal foundation for the systematic development of national parks and the formation of national management policy, which marks the initial establishment of the national park management system in the United States.
【作者单位】： 长春师范大学历史文化学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“美国公共价值观悖论研究”(15JJD770006) 吉林省教育厅“十三五”社会科学研究项目“美国国家公园的创建与管理制度的历史考察”(吉教科文合字[2016]第392号)
【分类号】：K712.51
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