第二次世界大战后美国对土耳其的安全保证（1948-1952）
发布时间：2019-04-10 09:12
【摘要】： 本文分三章,系统阐述了第二次世界大战之后美国对土耳其安全保证的决策过程。 第一章主要是分析了战后初期美国与土耳其之间关系的发展。文章首先阐述了土耳其海峡问题,土耳其周边不利的国际环境,西欧未将土耳其纳入西欧的防御体系,对战后土耳其的安全困境进行简要概述。然后从战后美国的对外政策中,梳理美国对土耳其的政策。美国在杜鲁门主义和马歇尔计划中,都对土耳其给予了一定的关照。但是战后美国对土耳其的政策仍在摇摆之中,这在战后发生在苏联与土耳其之间的海峡问题中可以初见端倪。 第二章主要内容是土耳其向美国寻求安全保证以及美国的反应。战后国际环境的变化,使土耳其极其担忧自己的安全。于是土耳其就开始试探获取美国的安全保证,主要方式是土耳其欲与美国签订《地中海公约》,或是土耳其加入筹建中的北约,美国对此一一拒绝。 第三章主要阐述了美国从坚决拒绝对土耳其进行正式安全保证到最终以支持加入北约的方式做出安全保证的转变历程。其间美国以土耳其既不属于大西洋沿岸国家又不属于欧洲国家,美国本身承受的世界义务过多为理由,拒不给予土耳其安全保证,但是朝鲜战争的爆发,美国开始转变对外战略,也带动了美国对土耳其的重新认识,最终同意土耳其加入北约,同时完成了对土耳其的安全保证。
[Abstract]:This paper consists of three chapters, which systematically describes the decision-making process of American security guarantee to Turkey after the second World War. The first chapter mainly analyzes the development of the relations between the United States and Turkey in the early postwar period. Firstly, this paper expounds the issue of the Turkish Strait, the unfavorable international environment around Turkey, and the failure of Western Europe to incorporate Turkey into the defense system of Western Europe, and gives a brief overview of Turkey's security dilemma after the war. Then from the post-war foreign policy of the United States, comb the United States policy towards Turkey. In Trumenism and the Marshall Plan, the United States has given some attention to Turkey. But America's post-war policy toward Turkey is still wobbling, a first sign of the post-war straits between the Soviet Union and Turkey. The second chapter is mainly about Turkey's seeking security assurances from the United States and its reaction to the United States. Changes in the international environment after the war have made Turkey extremely worried about its own security. So Turkey began to explore the security assurances of the United States, mainly by Turkey and the United States to sign the Mediterranean Convention, or Turkey to join the NATO, the United States refused to do so. The third chapter mainly expounds the transition course of the United States from firmly refusing to give formal security assurances to Turkey and finally making security assurances by supporting NATO entry. In the meantime, the United States refused to give Turkey security assurances on the grounds that Turkey is neither a member of the Atlantic Coast State nor a European country, and that the United States itself bears too many world obligations, but the outbreak of the Korean War, The United States began to shift its foreign strategy, also led to a new understanding of Turkey, finally agreed to Turkey's accession to NATO, while completing its security assurances to Turkey.
【学位授予单位】：首都师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K712.54
本文编号：2455670
[Abstract]:This paper consists of three chapters, which systematically describes the decision-making process of American security guarantee to Turkey after the second World War. The first chapter mainly analyzes the development of the relations between the United States and Turkey in the early postwar period. Firstly, this paper expounds the issue of the Turkish Strait, the unfavorable international environment around Turkey, and the failure of Western Europe to incorporate Turkey into the defense system of Western Europe, and gives a brief overview of Turkey's security dilemma after the war. Then from the post-war foreign policy of the United States, comb the United States policy towards Turkey. In Trumenism and the Marshall Plan, the United States has given some attention to Turkey. But America's post-war policy toward Turkey is still wobbling, a first sign of the post-war straits between the Soviet Union and Turkey. The second chapter is mainly about Turkey's seeking security assurances from the United States and its reaction to the United States. Changes in the international environment after the war have made Turkey extremely worried about its own security. So Turkey began to explore the security assurances of the United States, mainly by Turkey and the United States to sign the Mediterranean Convention, or Turkey to join the NATO, the United States refused to do so. The third chapter mainly expounds the transition course of the United States from firmly refusing to give formal security assurances to Turkey and finally making security assurances by supporting NATO entry. In the meantime, the United States refused to give Turkey security assurances on the grounds that Turkey is neither a member of the Atlantic Coast State nor a European country, and that the United States itself bears too many world obligations, but the outbreak of the Korean War, The United States began to shift its foreign strategy, also led to a new understanding of Turkey, finally agreed to Turkey's accession to NATO, while completing its security assurances to Turkey.
【学位授予单位】：首都师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K712.54
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