美国摩门教会黑人牧师问题历史探析（1848-1978）

发布时间：2019-06-05 23:18

【摘要】：19世纪40年代末至20世纪70年代末，摩门教会实行长达130年之久的黑人牧师禁令终于在民权运动的尾声划上句号。本文以史实为横线、以时间为纵线，纵横交错依次展开，对有关于黑人牧师禁令产生的背景、内容及其影响做一系统、全面的阐述。通过不同历史时期，禁令对黑人信徒的不同影响，阐述摩门教会对黑人教徒的宗教皈依、歧视和整合政策。进而探索黑人教徒是如何调整其黑人文化与教会文化、种族身份认同与教徒身份认同的关系以及摩门教会文化与美国文化的关系。除引言和结论部分，全文共分四章。第一章，在论述摩门教会经典对黑人歧视态度的基础上，详细阐述教会成立初期，创始人小约瑟夫·史密斯对奴隶制、黑人教徒、黑人牧师的态度与看法。运用统计图表的方式微观了解早期教会奴隶主教徒、黑人教徒、黑人牧师状况，分析形成这种教徒分布状况的原因及其影响。第二章，系统全面地分析黑人牧师禁令的缘起及其影响。黑人牧师禁令的形成是摩门教会内部因素与外部因素双方共同作用的结果。教会领导人对黑人的偏见、摩门教独特的教义还有黑人教徒本身以及当时的黑人奴隶制和歧视黑人的社会现实等因素合力作用的结果。第三章，在回顾禁令废除前20年，即20世纪50年代，黑人在美国社会、黑人教徒在摩门教会地位问题的基础上，讨论黑人牧师禁令废除的可行性、迫切性，并实证分析，黑人牧师禁令的废除为教会未来发展及海外传教事业所带来的的巨大变化。第四章，综合前文，将摩门教会黑人牧师禁令与教会黑人牧师、黑人教徒问题联系起来，，探查黑人社会地位与宗教地位的关系，种族权利与宗教权利的统一。在实证分析的基础上，畅想摩门教会未来的发展动态及黑人牧师所面临的问题。
[Abstract]:From the late 1840s to the late 1970s, the Mormon Church imposed a 130-year ban on black pastors at the end of the civil rights movement. This paper takes historical facts as horizontal lines, time as vertical lines, crisscrossing them in turn, and makes a systematic and comprehensive exposition of the background, content and influence of the ban on black priests. Through the different influence of the ban on black followers in different historical periods, this paper expounds the policy of religious conversion, discrimination and integration of Mormon church to black followers. Then it explores how black people adjust their black culture and church culture, the relationship between racial identity and religious identity, and the relationship between Mormon church culture and American culture. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the full text is divided into four chapters. The first chapter, on the basis of discussing the discrimination attitude of Mormon church classics against blacks, expounds in detail the attitude and views of Joseph Smith Jr., on slavery, blacks and black pastors in the early days of the founding of the church. This paper analyzes the causes and effects of the distribution of slaves and black priests in the early church by using statistical charts to understand the situation of slave priests and black priests in the early church. The second chapter systematically and comprehensively analyzes the origin and influence of the ban on black priests. The formation of the ban on black priests is the result of both internal and external factors in the Mormon Church. The prejudice of church leaders against blacks, the unique teachings of Mormon religion and the combined effects of blacks themselves and black slavery and the social reality of discrimination against blacks at that time were the result of a combination of factors such as blacks themselves and black slavery and the social reality of discrimination against blacks at that time. The third chapter, on the basis of reviewing the abolition of the ban 20 years ago, that is, in the 1950s, on the basis of the status of blacks in American society and the status of blacks in the Mormon Church, discusses the feasibility, urgency and empirical analysis of the abolition of the ban on black priests. The abolition of the ban on black priests has brought about great changes in the future development of the church and overseas missionaries. In the fourth chapter, the ban of black pastors in Mormon church is related to the problems of black priests and blacks, and the relationship between black social status and religious status, and the unity of racial rights and religious rights are explored. On the basis of empirical analysis, imagine the future development of Mormon Church and the problems faced by black priests.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：K712

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