俄国外交文书选译——关于英军第二次侵藏、达赖喇嘛出逃外蒙以及沙俄的对策
发布时间：2019-07-15 15:12
【摘要】：本选译所收俄国外交文书共48件,分为两部分:第一部分,19件,系关于英军第二次入侵我国领土西藏的,反映了英军自1903年5月开始紧锣密鼓备战,到同年12月入侵西藏,先后占领春丕、江孜和帕里,沿春丕谷修筑铁路、架设电报电话线、修建永久性建筑和粮食仓库,将其臣民分别迁往上述地区,以及英军在西藏暴行等情况;第二部分,29件,系关于十三世达赖自西藏逃往外蒙和沙俄所采取之对策以及达赖喇嘛在外蒙古的活动。在英军占领拉萨前8天的1904年7月26日,达赖喇嘛率德尔智等仓皇出逃,同年12月抵达库伦,其主要目的是寻求俄国庇护,希望沙皇政府保证俄国承担保护西藏抵抗英国和中国,然而却遭到意想不到的冷遇。在日俄交战,俄国战败之情况下,沙皇政府根本不可能向达赖喇嘛作什么担保,给予帮助。而日俄战后沙俄调整了远东政策,把侵略重点转向了外蒙古。至于达赖喇嘛是移居俄国,还是留在外蒙,是返回西藏,还是驻锡青海,沙俄政府所考虑的只是俄国的利益,如何利用达赖喇嘛为俄国向外蒙古扩张效力。与此同时,沙俄政府还在考虑,如何通过谈判、签订协定维护其在西藏的利益,并以"西藏问题"为筹码同英国进行交易。此外,第二部分文件还反映了达赖喇嘛在外蒙古进行的一系列政治活动等。
[Abstract]:In that first part,19 of the Russian diplomatic instrument, the second part of the British army's second invasion of China's territory, reflected the British army's preparation for the second invasion of Tibet in May 1903, the invasion of Tibet in December of the same year, and the occupation of the spring, the river and the Parry. The construction of the railway along the spring and the valley, the erection of telegraph telephone lines, the construction of permanent buildings and grain warehouses, the transfer of their subjects to the above-mentioned areas, and the British forces in Tibet, the second part,29, It is about the measures taken by the 13th Dalai Lama to flee to Mongolia and Russia from Tibet and the activities of the Dalai Lama in Mongolia. On July 26,1904, in the first eight days of the British occupation of Lhasa, the Dalai Lama, on July 26,1904, arrived in Kuron in December of the same year, the main purpose of which was to seek Russian asylum, hoping that the czar's government would guarantee Russia's responsibility for protecting Tibet against the UK and China, But it was met with an unexpected cold. In that case of a war between Russia and Russia and the defeat of Russia, the government of the tsar could not guarantee any guarantee to the Dalai Lama. On the other hand, Russia and Russia adjusted the Far East policy after the war, and shifted the focus of the aggression to the outside Mongolia. As for the Dalai Lama to move to Russia, or to stay in Mongolia, to return to Tibet or to sit in Qinghai, the Russian government is considering the interests of Russia and how to take advantage of the Dalai Lama's outward expansion to Russia. At the same time, the Russian government is considering how to maintain its interests in Tibet through negotiations and conclude agreements and trade with the United Kingdom with a "the question of Tibet". In addition, the second part of the document reflects a series of political activities by the Dalai Lama in Mongolia.
【作者单位】： 中国社会科学院近代史研究所;
【基金】：国家社科基金特别委托项目“俄国与西藏(1900-1914)”(项目编号:xz1009)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：K257;K312
，
本文编号：2514742
[Abstract]:In that first part,19 of the Russian diplomatic instrument, the second part of the British army's second invasion of China's territory, reflected the British army's preparation for the second invasion of Tibet in May 1903, the invasion of Tibet in December of the same year, and the occupation of the spring, the river and the Parry. The construction of the railway along the spring and the valley, the erection of telegraph telephone lines, the construction of permanent buildings and grain warehouses, the transfer of their subjects to the above-mentioned areas, and the British forces in Tibet, the second part,29, It is about the measures taken by the 13th Dalai Lama to flee to Mongolia and Russia from Tibet and the activities of the Dalai Lama in Mongolia. On July 26,1904, in the first eight days of the British occupation of Lhasa, the Dalai Lama, on July 26,1904, arrived in Kuron in December of the same year, the main purpose of which was to seek Russian asylum, hoping that the czar's government would guarantee Russia's responsibility for protecting Tibet against the UK and China, But it was met with an unexpected cold. In that case of a war between Russia and Russia and the defeat of Russia, the government of the tsar could not guarantee any guarantee to the Dalai Lama. On the other hand, Russia and Russia adjusted the Far East policy after the war, and shifted the focus of the aggression to the outside Mongolia. As for the Dalai Lama to move to Russia, or to stay in Mongolia, to return to Tibet or to sit in Qinghai, the Russian government is considering the interests of Russia and how to take advantage of the Dalai Lama's outward expansion to Russia. At the same time, the Russian government is considering how to maintain its interests in Tibet through negotiations and conclude agreements and trade with the United Kingdom with a "the question of Tibet". In addition, the second part of the document reflects a series of political activities by the Dalai Lama in Mongolia.
【作者单位】： 中国社会科学院近代史研究所;
【基金】：国家社科基金特别委托项目“俄国与西藏(1900-1914)”(项目编号:xz1009)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：K257;K312
，
本文编号：2514742
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