大学生一般节食者的节食状况与情绪的关系：自我评价的中介作用

发布时间：2018-05-19 00:20

本文选题：一般节食者 + 节食状况　；参考：《云南师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在“以瘦为美”的审美观影响下,中国的一些青少年,尤其是女性纷纷采取节食措施以达到减肥目的。然而大部分节食减肥者并没有瘦下来,并且极端节食者因此患上了饮食方面的疾患。目前对节食减肥者的研究主要将关注点放在极端节食者上,对一般节食者的研究不多。一般节食者指的是那些偶尔有饮食过量情况的节食者。已有的研究表明,一般节食者们大多都存在过低的自尊、自我评价以及情绪困扰。根据已有研究对节食状况的界定,本研究将节食状况界定为实际的节食行为、节食的认知与行为倾向三个方面,通过方便取样的方式,在剔除了极端的饮食失调倾向的节食者后,对云南地区大学生一般节食者的节食状况进行了调查,并进一步探讨被试的节食认知和行为倾向对其自我评价、情绪的作用机制。研究一采用节食状况量表、饮食失调问卷,对云南地区某高校大二、大三的共318名大学生进行测查,其中女生有237人,男生有81人。调查结果显示,饮食失调倾向者有1.65%,比其他地区的患病率低;在性别上女生的节食状况要比男生的严重;总体的节食状况与其他地区类似。研究二采用饮食失调问卷、核心自我评价问卷、简明POMS心境量表对391名大学生进行调查,其中男生82人,女生309人。考察了节食认知与行为倾向通过自我评价影响情绪的中介机制。结果显示:节食认知与行为倾向各维度中,身体不满、恐惧成熟能够通过自我评价负向影响情绪,其中自我评价起到完全中介作用;而无效能感和内感受意识能够通过自我评价负向影响情绪,也能直接影响情绪,起到部分中介作用。综上所述,本研究得出以下结论:(1)云南地区女生的实际节食比例要远高于男生,男生群体中也有节食者。实际体重与期望体重的差异、节食的实际行为的比例、节食的认知-行为的各维度的得分与其他地区的调查结果相似,饮食失调比例比其他地区要更低一些;(2)一般节食者的节食认知与行为倾向通过自我评价影响情绪的中介机制较为复杂。节食的认知-行为中的身体不满、恐惧成熟能够通过核心自我评价负向影响情绪,自我评价起到完全中介作用,节食者可以通过调节自我评价来控制自身的情绪水平;节食的认知-行为中的无效能感和内感受意识能够通过自我评价负向影响情绪,也能直接影响情绪,起到部分中介作用,其调控情绪的方式更复杂,既可以通过自我评价的中介作用来调节情绪,又可以直接改变节食认知-行为倾向来调节情绪。
[Abstract]:Under the influence of "thin beauty", some Chinese teenagers, especially women, have taken dieting measures to achieve the goal of losing weight. However, most dieters do not lose weight, and extreme dieters suffer from eating disorders. Current studies on dieters focus on extreme dieters, but few on dieters. Dieters generally refer to dieters who occasionally have an overdose. Studies have shown that most dieters experience low self-esteem, self-evaluation and emotional distress. According to the definition of dieting status in previous studies, this study defined dieting status as the actual diet behavior, diet cognition and behavioral tendency, through convenient sampling. After the dieters with extreme dietetic tendencies were excluded, the dieting status of the general dieters of college students in Yunnan was investigated, and the mechanism of dietetic cognition and behavioral tendency on self-evaluation and emotion was further discussed. In the first study, a total of 318 college students in a university in Yunnan province were investigated by dieting status scale and eating disorder questionnaire, of which 237 were female and 81 were male. The results showed that the prevalence of eating disorders was 1.65, which was lower than that of other regions; the diet status of girls was more serious than that of boys in gender; and the overall diet status was similar to that of other regions. In the second study, 391 college students were investigated by eating disorder questionnaire, core self-evaluation questionnaire and POMS mood scale, of which 82 were male and 309 were female. The mediating mechanism of dieting cognition and behavioral tendency influencing emotion through self-evaluation was investigated. The results showed that in the dimensions of dieting cognition and behavioral tendency, physical dissatisfaction and fear maturity could negatively affect emotion through self-evaluation, in which self-evaluation played a completely mediating role; But the sense of inefficiency and the sense of internal feeling can influence emotion through self-evaluation, and also directly affect emotion, and play a part of intermediary role. In conclusion, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) the actual dieting rate of female students in Yunnan is much higher than that of boys, and there are dieters in male groups. The differences between actual weight and expected weight, the proportion of actual behaviors on diet, and the scores of cognitive and behavioral dimensions of diet were similar to those of other regions. The dietetic cognitive and behavioral predisposition of dieters is more complicated than that of other regions. Cognitive discontentment in dieting behavior, fear maturity can negatively affect emotion through core self-evaluation, self-evaluation plays a complete intermediary role, dieters can control their emotional level by adjusting self-evaluation; Cognitive-behavioral ineffectiveness and internal sense of dieting can affect emotions negatively through self-evaluation, and can directly affect emotions, playing a part of the intermediary role. The way of regulating emotions is more complex. Emotion can be regulated by self-evaluation as well as by dieting cognitive-behavioral tendency.
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B844.2

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