大学生道德自我调节对道德伪善的影响研究

发布时间：2018-06-25 11:09

本文选题：道德自我知觉 + 道德自我调节　；参考：《四川师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：道德自我调节就是个体根据道德自我,对自己是否实施道德行为进行选择。已有研究的结果表明启动道德自我知觉会激发个体的道德自我调节机制,而且表现出道德自我调节的补偿性,而启动道德认同,则表现为道德自我调节的一致性。这一概念常常和道德判断、道德评价研究联系在一起,人们在进行道德判断时往往会有行为与自己宣称的道德态度不一致,或者同样的不道德行为,认为别人做比自己做更不道德的现象,这就是道德伪善。曾有研究者提出人们在回忆自己的道德行为之后,会产生一种我之后不必再表现得如此道德的倾向,所以产生了道德伪善。而在道德自我调节的反馈机制中,还包括道德净化效应,个体在回忆自己的不道德行为之后,继而会增加道德行为以维护自己的道德形象。如果如研究所言,道德心理许可效应的出现引发了人们的道德伪善出现,那么道德净化效应是否可以消除或者减弱道德伪善现象呢?与道德自我知觉有关的道德自我调节对人际层面道德伪善又将产生何种影响呢?本研究在总结归纳前人研究成果的基础之上,将道德自我调节负反馈机制中的两种效应都纳入到道德伪善两个方面的研究领域,全面的考察道德自我调节对大学生道德伪善的影响作用。之前对该主题的研究主要侧重于对他人和自己道德行为评价的差异上,本研究也将通过两个研究同时考察个体层面和人际层面的道德伪善在这两种效应的作用下会如何表现。本研究对四川师范大学本部及广汉校区的106为大学生进行研究,研究一中,被试首先通过用积极词汇、消极词汇、中性词汇为关键词回忆过去的行为,完成启动任务,再采用任务分配范式来研究个体层面道德伪善;研究二的第一步也是道德自我知觉的启动任务,再通过对各种道德情境中,当事人为自己和他人时,对主人公当事人的不道德行为进行评价,以研究人际层面的道德伪善。实验研究结论如下:(1)大学生在日常状态及道德自我凸显时,会出现个体层面道德伪善,但二者差异不显著,不能完全证明是由道德心理许可效应导致了道德伪善,只能说明在道德心理许可效应下,存在个体层面道德伪善。(2)大学生在道德自我受到威胁时,个体层面没有道德伪善现象,证明此时道德净化效应可以有效地减少个体层面道德伪善。(3)大学生在对自己和他人的不道德行为进行评价时,不存在人际层面道德伪善现象,且对自己的评价低于对他人的评价,对自己的道德标准更严格。(4)当道德自我凸显时,大学生对不道德行为的评价标准比平时宽松,道德自我受到威胁时,大学生的道德评价标准比平时更宽松。也就是说在道德心理许可效应和道德净化效应作用下,大学生的道德标准更加宽松。
[Abstract]:Moral self-regulation is an individual's choice whether to carry out moral behavior according to moral self. The results have shown that starting moral self-perception can stimulate the moral self-regulation mechanism of individuals and show the compensatory nature of moral self-regulation, while the initiation of moral identity is the consistency of moral self-regulation. This concept is often associated with moral judgment, the study of moral evaluation, in which people tend to act inconsistently with their declared moral attitudes, or in the same immoral manner. It is moral hypocrisy to think that others are more immoral than themselves. Some researchers have suggested that when people recall their moral behavior, they will have a tendency that I don't have to be so moral after that, so it produces moral hypocrisy. In the feedback mechanism of moral self-regulation, the effect of moral purification is also included. After recalling one's immoral behavior, the individual will increase moral behavior to maintain his moral image. If, as the research has said, the appearance of moral psychological permission effect leads to the emergence of moral hypocrisy, can moral purification effect eliminate or weaken the phenomenon of moral hypocrisy? How does moral self-regulation related to moral self-perception affect moral hypocrisy on interpersonal level? On the basis of summing up the previous research results, this study brings the two effects of moral self-regulation negative feedback mechanism into the research field of moral hypocrisy. To investigate the effect of moral self-regulation on moral hypocrisy of college students. Previous studies on this subject focused on the differences in the evaluation of other people's and their own moral behaviors. This study will also examine how moral hypocrisy at the individual and interpersonal levels behaves under the influence of these two effects at the same time. In this study, 106 college students from Sichuan normal University and Guanghan University were studied. In the first middle school, the subjects completed the starting task by using positive words, negative words and neutral words as keywords to recall past behaviors. The first step of the study is also the priming task of moral self-perception, and then through the study of various moral situations, when the parties are for themselves and others, the first step is to study moral hypocrisy at the individual level, and the first step of the study is to start the task of moral self-perception. The immoral behavior of the protagonist is evaluated to study the moral hypocrisy in interpersonal level. The conclusions of the experiment are as follows: (1) moral hypocrisy on the individual level will appear in college students in their daily state and moral self-prominence, but the difference between the two is not significant, and it can not be fully proved that moral hypocrisy is caused by moral psychological permission effect. It can only show that there is moral hypocrisy on the individual level under the moral psychological permission effect. (2) there is no moral hypocrisy at the individual level when the moral self is threatened. It is proved that the effect of moral purification can effectively reduce the moral hypocrisy at the individual level. (3) there is no moral hypocrisy at the interpersonal level when college students evaluate the immoral behavior of themselves and others. And the evaluation of their own is lower than that of others, and their moral standards are more strict. (4) when the moral self-highlighting, college students' evaluation of immoral behavior is looser than usual, and the moral self is threatened. The moral evaluation standards of college students are more relaxed than usual. In other words, under the effect of moral psychological permission and moral purification, the moral standards of college students are more relaxed.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B844.2

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