内疚与羞愧的产生及其与行为倾向之间的关系
发布时间：2018-10-23 16:38
【摘要】：当个体认识到自己做了某种违背道德的、不正当的伤害他人的事情,并应该为之负责时,就会产生内疚这种不愉悦的、自我聚焦的情绪反应(TurnerStets,2006),内疚一般会促进补偿行为的出现。而羞愧就是个体的不良行为违背了某种道德标准而体验到的不光彩的感受,羞愧常常使得个体出现回避行为。这两种情绪都是基于一定的道德水平产生的道德情绪。而且在许多人际交往中的道德事件,都是这些情绪在起着助推作用。为了避免内疚和羞愧的出现,人们会规范自己的行为,做了违规行为后也会通过一定的行为措施来弥补伤害,这些都是内疚和羞愧的重要作用。探讨内疚和羞愧产生的成因,情绪产生后的行为倾向以及其关系的影响因素也具有很重要的教育价值。 本研究通过两个研究探讨内疚和羞愧的诱因,行为倾向以及情绪与行为倾向关系的影响因素。研究一通过实验情境控制个体所属责任类别,证实责任承担在内疚情绪产生和补偿行为实施中的重要作用；同时通过控制外界眼光变量,来探究社会形象对羞愧和补偿一回避行为的作用。总共77名高校学生参加了研究一的研究。研究二是通过控制个体与受害者之间心理距离的亲疏远近,来探讨心理距离对内疚和羞愧这两种情绪与补偿行为之间关系的影响。研究二一共有88名高校学生参加。两个实验研究结果发现： (1)内疚对补偿有显著预测作用,内疚体验越强烈,补偿倾向越高。在责任清晰和不清晰的条件下这种情况都成立。并且内疚对责任和补偿之间的关系起到部分中介作用,责任对补偿有直接作用,也通过内疚产生间接作用。 (2)羞愧对补偿和回避都有显著预测作用,羞愧体验越强烈,补偿倾向就越高,回避倾向也越高。在外界眼光存在的情况下,这种情况成立；但是在外界眼光不存在的情况下,羞愧对回避的预测作用仍显著,对补偿的预测作用不显著。并且羞愧对外界眼光和补偿—回避之间的关系起部分中介作用,外界眼光对补偿—回避分别具有直接作用,也通过羞愧产生间接作用。 (3)内疚和羞愧对补偿都具有显著预测作用,在心理距离疏远—外群体的条件下,这种情况也成立,但是在心理距离亲近—内群体的条件下,内疚和羞愧对补偿的作用都不显著。而且,内疚对心理距离和补偿之间的关系存在部分中介作用,心理距离对补偿程度具有直接作用,也通过内疚产生间接作用。但是心理距离对羞愧和补偿之间的关系起着调节作用。
[Abstract]:When an individual realizes that he or she has done something that is unethical and improper to hurt others and is responsible for it, it produces an unpleasant, self-focused emotional response (TurnerStets,2006), which generally promotes compensatory behavior. Shame is the bad behavior of the individual against a certain moral standards and experience a sense of dishonor, shame often makes the individual appear avoidance behavior. These two kinds of emotions are based on a certain moral level of moral emotion. And in many interpersonal moral events, these emotions play a role in promoting. In order to avoid the appearance of guilt and shame, people will regulate their own behavior and make up for the harm by certain behavior measures after committing violations. These are the important roles of guilt and shame. It is also of great educational value to explore the causes of guilt and shame, the behavioral tendency of emotion and the influencing factors of its relationship. Two studies were conducted to explore the inducements of guilt and shame, behavioral tendency and the influence factors of emotion and behavioral tendency. In the first study, it was proved that responsibility plays an important role in the generation of guilt and the implementation of compensatory behavior by controlling the individual's responsibility category through the experimental situation, and by controlling the external visual variables, To explore the role of social image in shame and compensation for an evasive behavior. A total of 77 college students participated in the study. The second is to study the relationship between guilt and shame and compensatory behavior by controlling the distance between individual and victim. A total of 88 college students participated in the study. The results of two experiments show that: (1) guilt has a significant predictive effect on compensation, and the stronger the guilt experience, the higher the compensatory tendency. This is true in the case of clear and unclear responsibilities. And guilt partly mediates the relationship between responsibility and compensation, and responsibility has direct effect on compensation and indirect effect through guilt. (2) shame has a significant predictive effect on compensation and avoidance, and the experience of shame is stronger. The higher the compensation tendency, the higher the avoidance tendency. This is true in the presence of external vision, but in the absence of external vision, the predictive effect of shame on avoidance is still significant, and the predictive effect on compensation is not significant. Shame mediates the relationship between external vision and compensation-avoidance, and external vision plays a direct role in compensation-avoidance. (3) guilt and shame have a significant predictive effect on compensation, which is also true under the condition of psychological distance distance-outer group, but under the condition of psychological distance closeness to inner group, Neither guilt nor shame had a significant effect on compensation. Furthermore, the relationship between psychological distance and compensation is partly mediated by guilt. Psychological distance has direct effect on the degree of compensation, and it also plays an indirect role through guilt. But psychological distance regulates the relationship between shame and compensation.
【学位授予单位】：首都师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842
本文编号：2289849
[Abstract]:When an individual realizes that he or she has done something that is unethical and improper to hurt others and is responsible for it, it produces an unpleasant, self-focused emotional response (TurnerStets,2006), which generally promotes compensatory behavior. Shame is the bad behavior of the individual against a certain moral standards and experience a sense of dishonor, shame often makes the individual appear avoidance behavior. These two kinds of emotions are based on a certain moral level of moral emotion. And in many interpersonal moral events, these emotions play a role in promoting. In order to avoid the appearance of guilt and shame, people will regulate their own behavior and make up for the harm by certain behavior measures after committing violations. These are the important roles of guilt and shame. It is also of great educational value to explore the causes of guilt and shame, the behavioral tendency of emotion and the influencing factors of its relationship. Two studies were conducted to explore the inducements of guilt and shame, behavioral tendency and the influence factors of emotion and behavioral tendency. In the first study, it was proved that responsibility plays an important role in the generation of guilt and the implementation of compensatory behavior by controlling the individual's responsibility category through the experimental situation, and by controlling the external visual variables, To explore the role of social image in shame and compensation for an evasive behavior. A total of 77 college students participated in the study. The second is to study the relationship between guilt and shame and compensatory behavior by controlling the distance between individual and victim. A total of 88 college students participated in the study. The results of two experiments show that: (1) guilt has a significant predictive effect on compensation, and the stronger the guilt experience, the higher the compensatory tendency. This is true in the case of clear and unclear responsibilities. And guilt partly mediates the relationship between responsibility and compensation, and responsibility has direct effect on compensation and indirect effect through guilt. (2) shame has a significant predictive effect on compensation and avoidance, and the experience of shame is stronger. The higher the compensation tendency, the higher the avoidance tendency. This is true in the presence of external vision, but in the absence of external vision, the predictive effect of shame on avoidance is still significant, and the predictive effect on compensation is not significant. Shame mediates the relationship between external vision and compensation-avoidance, and external vision plays a direct role in compensation-avoidance. (3) guilt and shame have a significant predictive effect on compensation, which is also true under the condition of psychological distance distance-outer group, but under the condition of psychological distance closeness to inner group, Neither guilt nor shame had a significant effect on compensation. Furthermore, the relationship between psychological distance and compensation is partly mediated by guilt. Psychological distance has direct effect on the degree of compensation, and it also plays an indirect role through guilt. But psychological distance regulates the relationship between shame and compensation.
【学位授予单位】：首都师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842
【相似文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前2条
1 康毓连;教师内疚问卷的编制及初步应用[D];福建师范大学;2014年
2 张琨;内疚与羞愧的产生及其与行为倾向之间的关系[D];首都师范大学;2014年
，本文编号：2289849
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