中国与印度在海湾国家商品出口竞争力的比较研究

发布时间：2018-08-03 21:10

【摘要】：理论与实践表明,出口是世界各国经济增长的引擎。2013年,中国提出建设“丝绸之路经济带”和“21世纪海上丝绸之路”,海湾国家处于“一带一路”战略的重要位置,是链接欧亚非大陆的重要枢纽,也是加强区域合作的关键,其区位优势突出,市场潜力巨大,资源禀赋独特,是中国推进能源、贸易和地缘发展的天然合作伙伴。近年来,世界各国在海湾国家的商品竞争激烈,其中印度急速增长的商品出口额严重影响了中国商品的市场份额。本文比较研究了中国与印度在海湾国家商品的出口竞争力状况,分析各自出口商品的优势与劣势,这对挖掘中国商品在海湾国家的市场潜力有重要意义。本文根据已有的贸易理论,比较分析了中国与印度在海湾国家商品的出口额、出口增长率、出口商品种类等。采用市场占有率、出口增长优势指数、显示性比较优势指数、贸易竞争力、显示性竞争优势指数、产业内贸易指数详细研究了中国与印度在海湾国家、海湾各国出口大类、21类商品的竞争力状况,并使用聚类层次分析法进行综合评价。最后,运用扩展的引力模型分析了影响两国出口竞争力的主要因素。结果表明:(1)中国劳动密集型、资本密集型、资源密集型商品竞争力高于印度,而印度技术密集型、农产品竞争力高于中国。(2)中国第8类、第20类、第21类、第11类劳动密集型商品在海湾各国,第16类、第17类、第18类资本密集型商品在卡塔尔、科威特市场,第5类、第9类、第13类资源密集型商品在海湾各国市场最具竞争力。而印度第6类技术密集型,第1类、第3类、第4类农产品在海湾各国最具竞争力。(3)劳动力、生产成本、汇率及海湾各国的GDP、人均GDP、进口成本、进口价格、进口价值指数、地理距离是影响商品出口竞争力的重要因素。基于此,论文提出提高中国出口商品竞争力的若干建议,来应对印度的竞争。
[Abstract]:Theory and practice show that export is the engine of economic growth in the world. In 2013, China proposed the construction of "Silk Road Economic Belt" and "21st Century Maritime Silk Road", and the Gulf countries were in an important position of the "Belt and Road" strategy. It is an important hub linking Eurasia and Africa, and also the key to strengthen regional cooperation. Its location advantage is outstanding, market potential is huge, resource endowment is unique, and it is a natural partner of China to promote energy, trade and geographical development. In recent years, the competition among the countries in the world in the Gulf countries is fierce, among which the rapidly increasing export of goods in India has seriously affected the market share of Chinese goods. This paper makes a comparative study of the export competitiveness of China and India in the Gulf countries, and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of their export commodities, which is of great significance to tap the market potential of Chinese commodities in the Gulf countries. Based on the existing trade theory, this paper compares and analyzes the export volume, export growth rate and export commodity types of China and India in the Gulf countries. Using market share, export growth advantage index, indicative comparative advantage index, trade competitiveness index, display competitive advantage index and intra-industry trade index, the paper studies in detail China and India in the Gulf countries. The competitiveness of 21 kinds of commodities exported by Gulf countries is evaluated by cluster analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Finally, the main factors influencing the export competitiveness of the two countries are analyzed by using the extended gravity model. The results show that: (1) the competitiveness of labor-intensive, capital-intensive and resource-intensive commodities in China is higher than that in India, while the competitiveness of agricultural products in India is higher than that in China. The eleventh type of labor-intensive commodities are in the Gulf countries, the sixteenth, the seventeenth, the eighteenth in Qatar, the Kuwaiti market, the fifth, the ninth and the thirteenth resource-intensive commodities are most competitive in the markets of the Gulf countries. And India is the sixth type of technology-intensive, the first, the third, the fourth, the most competitive in the Gulf countries. (3) Labor, production costs, exchange rates, and the GDPs of the Gulf countries, per capita GDP, import costs, import prices, import value indices, Geographical distance is an important factor affecting the competitiveness of commodity export. Based on this, the paper puts forward some suggestions to improve the competitiveness of China's export commodities to deal with the competition of India.
【学位授予单位】：宁夏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F752.62;F746.12

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